Guía completa para listar las extensiones del navegador en macOS

Las extensiones del navegador son potentes herramientas que mejoran la funcionalidad de los navegadores web, pero también pueden plantear riesgos de seguridad si no se gestionan adecuadamente. Para los profesionales de TI y los proveedores de servicios gestionados (MSP) responsables de mantener un entorno informático seguro y eficiente, es crucial disponer de un método para inventariar las extensiones del navegador en varios navegadores de sistemas macOS.

Este post profundiza en un completo script que enumera todas las extensiones del navegador instaladas en Safari, Chrome, Firefox y Edge para macOS. Comprender y gestionar estas extensiones puede reforzar significativamente la seguridad de una organización.

Contexto

En el panorama informático moderno, garantizar que todo el software, incluidas las extensiones del navegador, esté actualizado y sea seguro es una tarea fundamental. Las extensiones pueden aportar grandes beneficios, pero también presentan vulnerabilidades potenciales que los actores maliciosos pueden explotar.

Este script está diseñado para ayudar a los profesionales de TI a recopilar información de forma rápida y eficaz sobre las extensiones de navegador instaladas en varios navegadores de sistemas macOS. Esta capacidad es esencial para mantener el cumplimiento de las normas de seguridad y garantizar que sólo se utilizan las extensiones autorizadas.

El script para listar todas las extensiones del navegador

#!/usr/bin/env bash

#
# Description: Get the browser extensions for Safari, Chrome, Firefox, and Edge that are installed on a macOS system.
#
# Usage: [multilineCustomFieldName] [wysiwygCustomFieldName]
#
# Release Notes: Fixed 10% width bug.
# By using this script, you indicate your acceptance of the following legal terms as well as our Terms of Use at https://www.ninjaone.com/terms-of-use.
# Ownership Rights: NinjaOne owns and will continue to own all right, title, and interest in and to the script (including the copyright). NinjaOne is giving you a limited license to use the script in accordance with these legal terms. 
# Use Limitation: You may only use the script for your legitimate personal or internal business purposes, and you may not share the script with another party. 
# Republication Prohibition: Under no circumstances are you permitted to re-publish the script in any script library or website belonging to or under the control of any other software provider. 
# Warranty Disclaimer: The script is provided “as is” and “as available”, without warranty of any kind. NinjaOne makes no promise or guarantee that the script will be free from defects or that it will meet your specific needs or expectations. 
# Assumption of Risk: Your use of the script is at your own risk. You acknowledge that there are certain inherent risks in using the script, and you understand and assume each of those risks. 
# Waiver and Release: You will not hold NinjaOne responsible for any adverse or unintended consequences resulting from your use of the script, and you waive any legal or equitable rights or remedies you may have against NinjaOne relating to your use of the script. 
# EULA: If you are a NinjaOne customer, your use of the script is subject to the End User License Agreement applicable to you (EULA).
#
# Example Output:
#
# Safari Extensions:
# User: john, Name: com.betafish.adblock-mac.SafariMenu, Id: 3KKZV48AQD
# User: ken, Name: com.rockysandstudio.MKPlayer.MKPlayer-Extension, Id: 2N35YUC83U
#
# Chrome Extensions:
# User: john, Name: Chrome Web Store Payments, Id: nmmhkkegccagdldgiimedpiccmgmieda, Version: 1.0.0.6, Profile Name: test1
# User: john, Name: Turn Off the Lights, Id: bfbmjmiodbnnpllbbbfblcplfjjepjdn, Version: 4.2.6.0, Profile Name: test2
# User: ken, Name: Google Docs Offline, Id: ghbmnnjooekpmoecnnnilnnbdlolhkhi, Version: 1.76.1, Profile Name: Person 1
#
# Firefox Addons:
# User: john, Name: Return YouTube Dislike, Id: {762f9885-5a13-4abd-9c77-433dcd38b8fd}, Description: Returns ability to see dislike statistics on youtube, Profile Name: default-release
# User: john, Name: Stylebot, Id: {52bda3fd-dc48-4b3d-a7b9-58af57879f1e}, Description: Change the appearance of the web instantly, Profile Name: default-release
# User: ken, Name: Search by Image, Id: {2e5ff8c8-32fe-46d0-9fc8-6b8986621f3c}, Description: A powerful reverse image search tool, with support for various search engines, such as Google, Bing, Yandex, Baidu and TinEye., Profile Name: default-release
#
# Edge Extensions:
# User: john, Name: Google Docs Offline, Id: ghbmnnjooekpmoecnnnilnnbdlolhkhi, Version: 1.76.2, Profile Name: test 3
# User: john, Name: Edge relevant text changes, Id: jmjflgjpcpepeafmmgdpfkogkghcpiha, Version: 1.2.1, Profile Name: test 3
# User: ken, Name: Google Docs Offline, Id: ghbmnnjooekpmoecnnnilnnbdlolhkhi, Version: 1.76.2, Profile Name: Profile 1

_arg_multilineField=$1
_arg_wysiwygField=$2

# Determines whether or not help text is necessary and routes the output to stderr
die() {
    local _ret="${2:-1}"
    echo "$1" >&2
    test "${_PRINT_HELP:-no}" = yes && print_help >&2
    exit "${_ret}"
}

# Prints the help text
print_help() {
    echo "Get the browser extensions for Safari, Chrome, Firefox, and Edge that are installed on a macOS system."
    echo "Usage: [multilineCustomFieldName] [wysiwygCustomFieldName]"
}

# Check if --help or -h is passed as an argument
for _arg in "$@"; do
    case "$_arg" in
    --help | -h)
        print_help
        exit 0
        ;;
    esac
done

# Set the custom field value using ninjarmm-cli
GetCustomField() {
    customfieldName=$1
    dataPath=$(printenv | grep -i NINJA_DATA_PATH | awk -F = '{print $2}')
    value=""
    if [ -e "${dataPath}/ninjarmm-cli" ]; then
        value=$("${dataPath}"/ninjarmm-cli get "$customfieldName")
    else
        value=$(/Applications/NinjaRMMAgent/programdata/ninjarmm-cli get "$customfieldName")
    fi
    if [[ "${value}" == *"Unable to find the specified field"* ]]; then
        echo ""
        return 1
    else
        echo "$value"
    fi
}

# Check if the multilineCustomFieldName is set as environment variables
multiline=$(printenv | grep -i multilineCustomFieldName | awk -F = '{print $2}')
if [[ -n "$multiline" ]] && [[ "${multiline}" != "null" ]]; then
    _arg_multilineField=$(printenv | grep -i multilineCustomFieldName | awk -F = '{print $2}')
fi

# Check if the wysiwygCustomFieldName is set as environment variables
wysiwygField=$(printenv | grep -i wysiwygCustomFieldName | awk -F = '{print $2}')
if [[ -n "$wysiwygField" ]] && [[ "${wysiwygField}" != "null" ]]; then
    _arg_wysiwygField=$(printenv | grep -i wysiwygCustomFieldName | awk -F = '{print $2}')
fi

# Check if both _arg_multilineField and _arg_wysiwygField are set and not empty
if [[ -n "$_arg_multilineField" && -n "$_arg_wysiwygField" ]]; then
    # Convert both field names to uppercase to check for equality
    multiline=$(echo "$_arg_multilineField" | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]')
    wysiwyg=$(echo "$_arg_wysiwygField" | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]')

    # If the converted names are the same, it means both fields cannot be identical
    # If they are, terminate the script with an error
    if [[ "$multiline" == "$wysiwyg" ]]; then
        _PRINT_HELP=yes die '[Error] Multline Field and WYSIWYG Field cannot be the same name. https://ninjarmm.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/360060920631-Custom-Fields-Configuration-Device-Role-Fields'
    fi
fi

# Warn that if not running as root, the script may not be able to access all user directories
if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
    echo "[Warn] This script may not be able to access all user directories unless run as root."
fi

# Converts a string input into an HTML table format
convertToHTMLTable() {
    local _arg_delimiter=" "
    local _arg_inputObject

    # Process command-line arguments for the function
    while test $# -gt 0; do
        _key="$1"
        case "$_key" in
        --delimiter | -d)
            test $# -lt 2 && echo "[Error] Missing value for the optional argument" >&2 && return 1
            _arg_delimiter=$2
            shift
            ;;
        --*)
            echo "[Error] Got an unexpected argument" >&2
            return 1
            ;;
        *)
            _arg_inputObject=$1
            ;;
        esac
        shift
    done

    # Handles missing input by checking stdin or returning an error
    if [[ -z $_arg_inputObject ]]; then
        if [ -p /dev/stdin ]; then
            _arg_inputObject=$(cat)
        else
            echo "[Error] Missing input object to convert to table" >&2
            return 1
        fi
    fi

    local htmlTable="<table>\n"
    htmlTable+=$(printf '%b' "$_arg_inputObject" | head -n1 | awk -F "$_arg_delimiter" '{
    printf "<tr>"
    for (i=1; i<=NF; i+=1)
      { printf "<th>"$i"</th>" }
    printf "</tr>"
    }')
    htmlTable+="\n"
    htmlTable+=$(printf '%b' "$_arg_inputObject" | tail -n +2 | awk -F "$_arg_delimiter" '{
    printf "<tr>"
    for (i=1; i<=NF; i+=1)
      { printf "<td>"$i"</td>" }
    print "</tr>"
    }')
    htmlTable+="\n</table>"

    printf '%b' "$htmlTable" '\n'
}

createExtList() {
    userHome=$1
    browser=$2 # chrome or edge
    user_name=$(echo "$userHome" | cut -d "/" -f 3)
    if [[ "${browser}" == "chrome" ]]; then
        manifests=$(find "${userHome}/Library/Application Support/Google/Chrome" -type f -name 'manifest.json' 2>/dev/null | grep "Extensions")
        profileLocalState="${userHome}/Library/Application Support/Google/Chrome/Local State"
    elif [[ "${browser}" == "edge" ]]; then
        manifests=$(find "${userHome}/Library/Application Support/Microsoft Edge" -type f -name 'manifest.json' 2>/dev/null | grep "Extensions")
        profileLocalState="${userHome}/Library/Application Support/Microsoft Edge/Local State"
    fi

    en_messages="_locales/en/messages.json"
    enUS_messages="_locales/en_US/messages.json"

    while IFS= read -r manifest; do
        # Check if we can read the manifest file
        if [ ! -f "$manifest" ]; then
            continue
        fi

        profileName=$(
            # Get profile name from profileLocalState that contains json data
            # "profile.info_cache.Default" is the default profile
            osascript -l JavaScript -e "
                    var profileLocalState = JSON.parse(ObjC.unwrap($.NSString.alloc.initWithDataEncoding($.NSData.dataWithContentsOfFile('$profileLocalState'), $.NSUTF8StringEncoding)));
                    // Get each profile name based on the profile path
                    if ('$browser' === 'chrome') {
                        var profilePathName = '$manifest'.split('/')[7];
                    } else if ('$browser' === 'edge') {
                        var profilePathName = '$manifest'.split('/')[6];
                    }
                    for (var key in profileLocalState.profile.info_cache) {
                        if (key.toLowerCase() === profilePathName.toLowerCase()) {
                            var profileName = profileLocalState.profile.info_cache[key].name;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    profileName;
                "
        )

        # Get the id of the extension from the manifest path by splitting the path on '/' and getting the 9th element
        if [[ "${browser}" == "chrome" ]]; then
            extID=$(awk -F '/' '{print $10}' <<<"$manifest")
        elif [[ "${browser}" == "edge" ]]; then
            extID=$(awk -F '/' '{print $9}' <<<"$manifest")
        fi
        # Get name from manifest
        name=$(
            osascript -l JavaScript -e "
                var data = JSON.parse(ObjC.unwrap($.NSString.alloc.initWithDataEncoding($.NSData.dataWithContentsOfFile('$manifest'), $.NSUTF8StringEncoding)));
                var name = data.name;
                name;
            "
        )
        # Get version from manifest
        version=$(
            osascript -l JavaScript -e "
                var data = JSON.parse(ObjC.unwrap($.NSString.alloc.initWithDataEncoding($.NSData.dataWithContentsOfFile('$manifest'), $.NSUTF8StringEncoding)));
                var version = data.version;
                version;
            "
        )

        # Get the name of the extension from the messages.json file if the name contains "__MSG_"
        if [[ "${name}" =~ "__MSG_" ]]; then
            name=$(echo "$name" | sed 's/__MSG_//g' | sed 's/__$//g')
            if [ -f "$(dirname "$manifest")/$en_messages" ]; then
                # Check if message.json exists in en folder
                name=$(
                    osascript -l JavaScript -e "
                        var data = JSON.parse(ObjC.unwrap($.NSString.alloc.initWithDataEncoding($.NSData.dataWithContentsOfFile('$(dirname "$manifest")/$en_messages'), $.NSUTF8StringEncoding)));
                        var searchKey = '$name';
                        var asLowercase = searchKey.toLowerCase();
                        var name = data[Object.keys(data).find(key => key.toLowerCase() === asLowercase)].message;
                        name;
                    " 2>/dev/null
                )
            elif [ -f "$(dirname "$manifest")/$enUS_messages" ]; then
                # Check if message.json exists in enUS folder
                name=$(
                    osascript -l JavaScript -e "
                        var data = JSON.parse(ObjC.unwrap($.NSString.alloc.initWithDataEncoding($.NSData.dataWithContentsOfFile('$(dirname "$manifest")/$enUS_messages'), $.NSUTF8StringEncoding)));
                        var searchKey = '$name';
                        var asLowercase = searchKey.toLowerCase();
                        var name = data[Object.keys(data).find(key => key.toLowerCase() === asLowercase)].message;
                        name;
                    " 2>/dev/null
                )
            fi
        fi
        if [[ -n "$name" ]]; then
            printf "%s|%s|%s|%s|%s\n" "$user_name" "$profileName" "$name" "$extID" "$version"
        else
            printf "%s|%s|%s|%s|%s\n" "$user_name" "$profileName" "Name Not Found" "$extID" "$version"
        fi
    done <<<"$manifests"
}

# Get a list of all users in the /Users directory except Shared
users=()
for user in /Users/*; do
    if [[ -d "$user" && ! "$user" =~ /Users/Shared ]]; then
        users+=("${user##*/}")
    fi
done

# Error when no users are found
if [[ ${#users[@]} -eq 0 ]]; then
    _PRINT_HELP=no die "[Error] No user directories found in /Users"
fi

safari_title="Safari Extensions"
safari_extensions=""
chrome_title="Chrome Extensions"
chrome_extensions=""
firefox_title="Firefox Addons"
firefox_addons=""
edge_title="Edge Extensions"
edge_extensions=""

# Safari
for user in "${users[@]}"; do
    ext_plist="/Users/$user/Library/Containers/com.apple.Safari/Data/Library/Safari/AppExtensions/Extensions.plist"
    pattern='(com\..*)\s\((.*)\)'
    if [[ -f "$ext_plist" ]]; then
        safari_extensions+=$'\n'"$(
            grep -Eo "$pattern" "$ext_plist" | while read -r line; do
                ext_name=$(echo "$line" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')
                ext_id=$(echo "$line" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}' | tr -d '()')
                printf "%s|%s|%s\n" "$user" "$ext_name" "$ext_id"
            done
        )"
    fi
done

# Chrome
for user in "${users[@]}"; do
    # Add a newline to the beginning of the string to separate the results from the previous user
    chrome_extensions+=$'\n'"$(createExtList "/Users/$user" "chrome")"
done

# Firefox Get installed Addons (not extensions)
firefox_addons=$(
    # Loop through each user profile
    for user in "${users[@]}"; do
        firefox_path="/Users/$user/Library/Application Support/Firefox"
        profile_dir="$firefox_path/Profiles"
        # Check if Profiles directory exists
        if [[ -d "$profile_dir" ]]; then
            profiles_ini_path="$firefox_path/profiles.ini"
            # Check if profiles.ini file exists
            if [[ -f "$profiles_ini_path" ]]; then
                profiles_ini=$(cat "$profiles_ini_path")
                # Parse the profiles.ini file and get the profile names and paths
                # Get each section
                awk -F '=' '/\[/{print $1}' <<<"$profiles_ini" | while read -r section; do
                    # Get the profile name
                    profile_name=$(
                        awk -F'=' -v section="$section" -v k="Name" '
                        $0==section{ f=1; next }
                        /\[/{ f=0; next }
                        f && $1==k{ print $0 }
                        ' <<<"$profiles_ini" | sed 's/^Name=//'
                    )
                    # Get the profile path
                    profile_path=$(
                        awk -F'=' -v section="$section" -v k="Path" '
                        $0==section{ f=1; next }
                        /\[/{ f=0; next }
                        f && $1==k{ print $0 }
                        ' <<<"$profiles_ini" | sed 's/^Path=//'
                    )
                    # Get the addons json file path
                    ext_dir="$firefox_path/$profile_path/addons.json"
                    if [[ -f "$ext_dir" ]]; then
                        # Get name, id, and description from the addons.json file
                        ff_results=$(
                            osascript -l JavaScript -e "
                                var data = JSON.parse(ObjC.unwrap($.NSString.alloc.initWithDataEncoding($.NSData.dataWithContentsOfFile('$ext_dir'), $.NSUTF8StringEncoding)));
                                var addons = data.addons;
                                var result = '';
                                for (var i = 0; i < addons.length; i++) {
                                    var addon = addons[i];
                                    result += addon.name + ',' + addon.id + ',' + addon.description + '\n';
                                }
                                result;
                            "
                        )
                        Old_IFS=$IFS
                        echo "$ff_results" | while IFS=, read -r name id description; do
                            printf "%s|%s|%s|%s|%s\n" "$user" "$profile_name" "$name" "$id" "$description"
                        done
                        IFS=$Old_IFS
                    fi
                done
            fi
        fi
    done
)

# Edge
for user in "${users[@]}"; do
    # Add a newline to the beginning of the string to separate the results from the previous user
    edge_extensions+=$'\n'"$(createExtList "/Users/$user" "edge")"
done

if [[ -n $_arg_multilineField ]] || [[ -n $_arg_wysiwygField ]]; then
    # Add headers if a custom field is set
    if [[ -n "${safari_extensions}" ]]; then
        safari_extensions=$(echo -e "User|Name|Id\n$safari_extensions")
    fi
    if [[ -n "${chrome_extensions}" ]]; then
        chrome_extensions=$(echo -e "User|Profile Name|Name|Id|Version\n$chrome_extensions")
    fi
    if [[ -n "${firefox_addons}" ]]; then
        firefox_addons=$(echo -e "User|Profile Name|Name|Id|Description\n$firefox_addons")
    fi
    if [[ -n "${edge_extensions}" ]]; then
        edge_extensions=$(echo -e "User|Profile Name|Name|Id|Version\n$edge_extensions")
    fi
fi

# Checks if there is a multiline custom field set
if [[ -n $_arg_multilineField ]]; then
    echo ""
    echo "Attempting to set Custom Field '$_arg_multilineField'..."

    # Formats the extension data for the multiline custom field
    multilineValue=""
    # Check if any browser extensions were found
    if [[ -n "$safari_title" ]] && [[ -n "${safari_extensions}" ]]; then
        multilineValue+=$'\n'
        multilineValue+="$safari_title:"
        multilineValue+=$'\n'
        multilineValue+=$(
            # Convert the safari_extensions string to a table format. Skip the first line as it is the header
            echo "$safari_extensions" | tail -n +2 | while IFS='|' read -r user name id; do
                printf "User: %s, Name: %s, Id: %s\n" "$user" "$name" "$id"
            done
        )
    fi
    if [[ -n "$chrome_title" ]] && [[ -n "${chrome_extensions}" ]]; then
        multilineValue+=$'\n'
        multilineValue+="$chrome_title:"
        multilineValue+=$'\n'
        multilineValue+=$(
            # Convert the chrome_extensions string to a table format. Skip the first line as it is the header
            echo "$chrome_extensions" | tail -n +2 | while IFS='|' read -r user_name profileName name id version; do
                if [[ -n "$name" ]]; then
                    printf "User: %s, Profile Name: %s, Name: %s, Id: %s, Version: %s\n" "$user_name" "$profileName" "$name" "$id" "$version"
                fi
            done
        )
    fi
    if [[ -n "$firefox_title" ]] && [[ -n "${firefox_addons}" ]]; then
        multilineValue+=$'\n'
        multilineValue+="$firefox_title:"
        multilineValue+=$'\n'
        multilineValue+=$(
            # Convert the firefox_addons string to a table format. Skip the first line as it is the header
            echo "$firefox_addons" | tail -n +2 | while IFS='|' read -r user profileName name id description; do
                if [[ -n "$name" ]]; then
                    printf "User: %s, Profile Name: %s, Name: %s, Id: %s, Description: %s\n" "$user" "$profileName" "$name" "$id" "$description"
                fi
            done
        )
    fi
    if [[ -n "$edge_title" ]] && [[ -n "${edge_extensions}" ]]; then
        multilineValue+=$'\n'
        multilineValue+="$edge_title:"
        multilineValue+=$'\n'
        multilineValue+=$(
            # Convert the edge_extensions string to a table format. Skip the first line as it is the header
            echo "$edge_extensions" | tail -n +2 | while IFS='|' read -r user_name profileName name id version; do
                if [[ -n "$name" ]]; then
                    printf "User: %s, Profile Name: %s, Name: %s, Id: %s, Version: %s\n" "$user_name" "$profileName" "$name" "$id" "$version"
                fi
            done
        )
    fi
    # if all multilineValue is empty, set it to "No browser extensions found"
    if [[ -z "$multilineValue" ]]; then
        multilineValue="No browser extensions found"
    fi

    # Tries to set the multiline custom field using ninjarmm-cli and captures the output
    if ! output=$(printf '%b' "$multilineValue" | /Applications/NinjaRMMAgent/programdata/ninjarmm-cli set --stdin "$_arg_multilineField" 2>&1); then
        echo "[Error] $output" >&2
        EXITCODE=1
    else
        echo "[Info] Successfully set Custom Field '$_arg_multilineField'!"
    fi
fi

# Checks if there is a WYSIWYG custom field set
if [[ -n $_arg_wysiwygField ]]; then
    echo ""
    echo "Attempting to set Custom Field '$_arg_wysiwygField'..."

    # Initializes an HTML formatted string with headers and extension details
    # Check if any browser extensions were found
    if [[ -n "$safari_title" ]] && [[ -n "${safari_extensions}" ]]; then
        htmlObject+="<h2>$safari_title</h2>"
        htmlObject+=$(echo "$safari_extensions" | convertToHTMLTable --delimiter '|')
    fi
    if [[ -n "$chrome_title" ]] && [[ -n "${chrome_extensions}" ]]; then
        htmlObject+="<h2>$chrome_title</h2>"
        htmlObject+=$(echo "$chrome_extensions" | convertToHTMLTable --delimiter '|')
    fi
    if [[ -n "$firefox_title" ]] && [[ -n "${firefox_addons}" ]]; then
        htmlObject+="<h2>$firefox_title</h2>"
        htmlObject+=$(echo "$firefox_addons" | convertToHTMLTable --delimiter '|')
    fi
    if [[ -n "$edge_title" ]] && [[ -n "${edge_extensions}" ]]; then
        htmlObject+="<h2>$edge_title</h2>"
        htmlObject+=$(echo "$edge_extensions" | convertToHTMLTable --delimiter '|')
    fi
    # if all htmlObject is empty, set it to "No browser extensions found"
    if [[ -z "$htmlObject" ]]; then
        htmlObject="<p>No browser extensions found</p>"
    fi
    # Replace <table> with <table style='white-space:nowrap;'>
    htmlObject=${htmlObject//<table>/<table style=\'white-space:nowrap;\'>}
    # Tries to set the WYSIWYG custom field using ninjarmm-cli and captures the output
    if ! output=$(printf '%b' "$htmlObject" | /Applications/NinjaRMMAgent/programdata/ninjarmm-cli set --stdin "$_arg_wysiwygField" 2>&1); then
        echo "[Error] $output" >&2
        EXITCODE=1
    else
        echo "[Info] Successfully set Custom Field '$_arg_wysiwygField'!"
    fi
fi

# If both _arg_multilineField and _arg_wysiwygField are not set, or if there is an error saving to the custom fields, print the results
if [[ -z $_arg_multilineField && -z $_arg_wysiwygField ]] || [[ $EXITCODE -ne 0 ]]; then
    echo ""
    echo "$safari_title:"
    echo "$safari_extensions" | while IFS='|' read -r user name id; do
        if [[ -n "$name" ]]; then
            printf "User: %s, Name: %s, Id: %s\n" "$user" "$name" "$id"
        fi
    done
    echo ""
    echo "$chrome_title:"
    echo "$chrome_extensions" | while IFS='|' read -r user profileName name id version; do
        if [[ -n "$name" ]]; then
            printf "User: %s, Profile Name: %s, Name: %s, Id: %s, Version: %s\n" "$user" "$profileName" "$name" "$id" "$version"
        fi
    done
    echo ""
    echo "$firefox_title:"
    echo "$firefox_addons" | while IFS='|' read -r user profileName name id description; do
        if [[ -n "$name" ]]; then
            printf "User: %s, Profile Name: %s, Name: %s, Id: %s, Description: %s\n" "$user" "$profileName" "$name" "$id" "$description"
        fi
    done
    echo ""
    echo "$edge_title:"
    echo "$edge_extensions" | while IFS='|' read -r user profileName name id version; do
        if [[ -n "$name" ]]; then
            printf "User: %s, Profile Name: %s, Name: %s, Id: %s, Version: %s\n" "$user" "$profileName" "$name" "$id" "$version"
        fi
    done
    # If no extensions are found, print a message
    if [[ -z "$safari_extensions" ]] && [[ -z "$chrome_extensions" ]] && [[ -z "$firefox_addons" ]] && [[ -z "$edge_extensions" ]]; then
        echo "[Info] No Browser Extensions Found"
    fi
fi

# Checks if an error code is set and exits the script with that code
if [[ -n $EXITCODE ]]; then
    echo "[Error] Failed to save browser extensions to custom field '$_arg_multilineField' or '$_arg_wysiwygField'."
    exit "$EXITCODE"
fi

 

Análisis detallado

El script para listar todas las extensiones del navegador comienza definiendo su propósito y uso, proporcionando una descripción clara y un ejemplo de salida. A continuación, comprueba los argumentos de ayuda y establece los valores de los campos personalizados utilizando el ninjarmm-cli, una herramienta para la gestión de campos personalizados en NinjaOne RMM.

1. Inicialización y gestión de argumentos

• El script para listar todas las extensiones del navegador se inicializa comprobando si se proporcionan argumentos de ayuda (–help o -h). Si es así, imprime las instrucciones de uso y sale.

• Define una función GetCustomField para recuperar valores de campos personalizados utilizando ninjarmm-cli.

2. Comprobación de variables de entorno

• El script comprueba si multilineCustomFieldName y wysiwygCustomFieldName están establecidos como variables de entorno, actualizando los argumentos del script en consecuencia.

3. Identificación del directorio de usuarios

• Identifica los directorios de usuario en /Usuarios, excluyendo el directorio Compartido, y reúne todas las cuentas de usuario del sistema.

4. Extensiones de Safari

• Para cada usuario, el script para listar todas las extensiones del navegador busca los archivos plist de extensiones de Safari y extrae los detalles de las extensiones mediante expresiones regulares.

5. Extensiones para Chrome y Edge

• El script emplea una función createExtList para encontrar y listar extensiones de Chrome y Edge. Analiza los archivos manifest.json de los directorios de extensiones del navegador y extrae los nombres, ID y versiones de las extensiones.

6. Complementos de Firefox

• En el caso de Firefox, el script analiza los archivos profiles.ini y addons.json para obtener una lista de los complementos instalados, incluidos nombres, ID y descripciones.

7. Configuración y salida de campos personalizados

• Si se establecen campos personalizados, el script formatea los datos recopilados en tablas HTML o texto sin formato, y luego intenta establecer estos campos utilizando ninjarmm-cli. Si la configuración de los campos falla, imprime los datos recogidos en la consola.

Este enfoque estructurado garantiza una cobertura completa de los principales navegadores y proporciona un inventario claro y detallado de las extensiones instaladas.

Posibles casos de uso

Pensemos en un MSP encargado de garantizar la seguridad de todos los equipos cliente. Con este script, el MSP puede generar rápidamente una lista de todas las extensiones de navegador instaladas en los sistemas macOS cliente. Por ejemplo, si se descubre una vulnerabilidad de seguridad en una extensión específica, el MSP puede utilizar el script para identificar qué clientes tienen instalada la extensión y tomar las medidas oportunas para mitigar el riesgo.

Comparaciones

Otros métodos para listar las extensiones del navegador suelen implicar comprobaciones manuales o el uso de herramientas específicas del navegador, lo que puede llevar mucho tiempo y ser propenso a errores. Este script para listar todas las extensiones del navegador proporciona una solución unificada y automatizada que funciona en varios navegadores, ahorrando tiempo y reduciendo la probabilidad de descuidos. Además, la integración con NinjaOne RMM permite centralizar la gestión y los informes, lo que no es posible con métodos manuales.

FAQ

• ¿Cómo gestiona el script los distintos perfiles de usuario?
  El script para listar todas las extensiones del navegador itera sobre cada directorio de usuario en /Users y procesa cada perfil encontrado dentro de los respectivos directorios del navegador.

• ¿Qué ocurre si el script no puede acceder a un directorio de usuario?
  El script para listar todas las extensiones del navegador advierte que puede necesitar acceso root para leer todos los directorios de usuario. Ejecutar el script como root garantiza un acceso completo.

• ¿Se puede utilizar el script en sistemas que no sean MacOS?
  No, este script está diseñado específicamente para macOS debido a las rutas y herramientas que utiliza.

Implicaciones

Los resultados de este script para listar todas las extensiones del navegador proporcionan información crítica sobre las extensiones instaladas en varios navegadores y ponen de manifiesto posibles riesgos para la seguridad. Al disponer de un inventario claro, los profesionales de TI pueden garantizar el cumplimiento de las políticas de seguridad, detectar ampliaciones no autorizadas y solucionar rápidamente cualquier vulnerabilidad.

Recomendaciones

• Ejecuta el script como root para garantizar el acceso a todos los directorios de usuario.

• Revisaregularmente las listas de extensiones para identificar y eliminar cualquier extensión innecesaria o potencialmente dañina.

• Integra el script con una herramienta de supervisión como NinjaOne RMM para una gestión e informes continuos.

Reflexiones finales

La gestión de las extensiones del navegador es un aspecto crucial para mantener un entorno informático seguro. Este script para listar todas las extensiones del navegador proporciona una solución potente y automatizada para los principales navegadores en macOS, lo que lo convierte en una herramienta inestimable para los profesionales de TI y los MSP. Gracias a la integración con NinjaOne, puedes mejorar tu capacidad para supervisar y gestionar las extensiones del navegador, garantizando un entorno informático seguro y conforme a las normas.