O monitoramento do espaço em disco é um componente básico, mas fundamental, do suporte proativo de TI, essencial para reduzir o volume de tíquetes e manter a integridade e a estabilidade do sistema. A falta ou o esgotamento do espaço em disco pode, obviamente, ser responsável por uma série de problemas e reclamações dos usuários, desde falhas nos aplicativos até o travamento total do sistema, portanto, a criação de alertas para quando as unidades ficarem abaixo de um limite especificado é uma ótima maneira de evitar esses problemas.
Esta publicação o orientará sobre como verificar a capacidade do disco e alertar sobre pouco espaço em disco remotamente, em toda a sua base de usuários.
Como posso verificar o espaço no disco rígido remotamente e enviar um alerta quando o espaço em disco estiver baixo?
- Identifique quais unidades você deseja monitorar e quais (se houver) deseja excluir.
- Determine os limites de espaço em disco que você gostaria de definir para cada tipo de unidade.
- Personalize o script abaixo, de acordo.
Esse script do PowerShell foi projetado para alertar sobre unidades que estão abaixo de uma porcentagem ou tamanho especificado. Ele faz distinção entre unidades do sistema (aquelas usadas para inicializar o sistema operacional) e unidades de dados, fornecendo uma visão geral abrangente do uso do espaço em disco.
O script é versátil e personalizável, permitindo que você defina parâmetros para unidades de sistema e de dados separadamente. Você pode especificar o espaço livre mínimo em porcentagem e em bytes, e até mesmo excluir determinadas unidades da verificação. Essa flexibilidade é ideal para qualquer profissional de TI ou MSP.
O script do monitor de espaço em disco:
#Requires -Version 2.0
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Alert on drive(s) that fall below a specified % or size. Distinguishes between System and Data drives.
.DESCRIPTION
Alert on drive(s) that fall below a specified % or size. Distinguishes between System and Data drives.
The system drive is the drive(s) that are used to boot the OS.
.EXAMPLE
-SystemDriveMinFreePercent 10 -SystemDriveMinFreeBytes 10GB -DataDriveMinFreePercent 20 -DataDriveMinFreeBytes 20GB
This checks all Drives
.EXAMPLE
-ExcludeDrivesCustomField "C,Z" -SystemDriveMinFreePercentCustomField "SystemDriveMinFreePercent" -SystemDriveMinFreeBytes "SystemDriveMinFreeBytes" -DataDriveMinFreePercent "DataDriveMinFreePercent" -DataDriveMinFreeBytes "DataDriveMinFreeBytes"
This checks all Drives, except for C: and Z:.
Use this if you wish to to custom fields to specify the values from roles or globally.
This will pull the values from custom fields that would have otherwise been used from parameters.
.EXAMPLE
-ExcludeDrivesByNameCustomField "NoMonitor" -SystemDriveMinFreePercentCustomField "SystemDriveMinFreePercent" -SystemDriveMinFreeBytes "SystemDriveMinFreeBytes" -DataDriveMinFreePercent "DataDriveMinFreePercent" -DataDriveMinFreeBytes "DataDriveMinFreeBytes"
This checks all Drives, except where a drive name/label contains the text "NoMonitor".
Use this if you wish to to custom fields to specify the values from roles or globally.
This will pull the values from custom fields that would have otherwise been used from parameters.
.EXAMPLE
No Parameters Specified
This checks all Drives with the defaults:
SystemDriveMinFreePercent 10%
SystemDriveMinFreeBytes 10GB
DataDriveMinFreePercent 20%
DataDriveMinFreeBytes 20GB
.OUTPUTS
None
.NOTES
Minimum OS Architecture Supported: Windows 7, Windows Server 2012 R2
Release Notes:
Initial Release
(c) 2023 NinjaOne
By using this script, you indicate your acceptance of the following legal terms as well as our Terms of Use at https://www.ninjaone.com/terms-of-use.
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#>
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[Parameter()]
[String]
$ExcludeDrives,
$ExcludeDrivesCustomField, # If set, get value from a custom field with this name.
[String]
$ExcludeDrivesByName,
$ExcludeDrivesByNameCustomField, # If set, get value from a custom field with this name.
$SystemDriveMinFreePercent = 10,
$SystemDriveMinFreePercentCustomField, # If set, get value from a custom field with this name.
$SystemDriveMinFreeBytes = 10GB,
$SystemDriveMinFreeBytesCustomField, # If set, get value from a custom field with this name.
$DataDriveMinFreePercent = 20,
$DataDriveMinFreePercentCustomField, # If set, get value from a custom field with this name.
$DataDriveMinFreeBytes = 20GB,
$DataDriveMinFreeBytesCustomField # If set, get value from a custom field with this name.
)
begin {
function Get-Size {
param (
[string]$String
)
switch -wildcard ($String) {
'*PB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1PB; break }
'*TB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1TB; break }
'*GB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1GB; break }
'*MB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1MB; break }
'*KB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1KB; break }
'*B' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1; break }
'*Bytes' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1; break }
Default { [int64]$($String -replace '[^d+]+') * 1 }
}
}
function Get-FriendlySize {
param($Bytes)
# Converts Bytes to the highest matching unit
$Sizes = 'Bytes,KB,MB,GB,TB,PB,EB,ZB' -split ','
for ($i = 0; ($Bytes -ge 1kb) -and ($i -lt $Sizes.Count); $i++) { $Bytes /= 1kb }
$N = 2
if ($i -eq 0) { $N = 0 }
if ($Bytes) { "$([System.Math]::Round($Bytes,$N)) $($Sizes[$i])" }else { "0 B" }
}
function Invoke-DiskAlert {
param (
[PSObject[]]$Drives
)
$Drives | ForEach-Object {
$Type = if ($_.IsSystemDrive) { "SystemDrive" }else { "DataDrive" }
$Drive = $_
if ($Drive.totalSpace -and $Drive.freeSpace / $Drive.totalSpace * 100 -lt $Settings."$Type".MinFreePercent) {
Write-Output "$Type ($($Drive.driveName)) free space is under $($Settings."$Type".MinFreePercent)% at $(Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $Drive.freeSpace)"
}
elseif ($Drive.freeSpace -lt $Settings.$Type.MinFreeBytes) {
Write-Output "$Type ($($Drive.driveName)) free space is under $(Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $Settings."$Type".MinFreeBytes) at $(Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $Drive.freeSpace)"
}
}
}
function Get-Drive {
param([string]$DriveName)
if ($(Get-Command -Name "Get-CimInstance")) {
Get-CimInstance -Query "select * from Win32_DiskDrive" | Where-Object { $_.Size } | ForEach-Object {
$d = $_
$d | ForEach-Object {
$Disk = $_
$p = Get-CimInstance -Query "ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskDrive.DeviceID='$($Disk.DeviceID)'} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition"
$p | ForEach-Object {
$Partition = $_
Get-CimInstance -Query "ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID='$($Partition.DeviceID)'} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition" | ForEach-Object {
$ld = $_
[PSCustomObject]@{
driveName = $ld.DeviceId # C:
IsSystemDrive = if ($p | Where-Object { $_.BootPartition }) { $true }else { $false }
freeSpace = $ld.FreeSpace # in bytes
totalSpace = $ld.Size # in bytes
fileSystem = $ld.FileSystem # NTFS
physicalName = $d.Name # .PHYSICALDRIVE2
diskName = $d.Caption # WDC WD5001AALS-xxxxxx
diskModel = $d.Model # WDC WD5001AALS-xxxxxx
diskInterface = $d.InterfaceType # IDE
mediaStatus = $d.Status # OK
volumeName = $ld.VolumeName # System
volumeSerial = $ld.VolumeSerialNumber # 12345678
}
}
}
}
}
}
else {
Get-WmiObject -Query "select * from Win32_DiskDrive" | Where-Object { $_.Size } | ForEach-Object {
$d = $_
$d | ForEach-Object {
$Disk = $_
$p = Get-WmiObject -Query "ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskDrive.DeviceID='$($Disk.DeviceID)'} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition"
$p | ForEach-Object {
$Partition = $_
Get-WmiObject -Query "ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_DiskPartition.DeviceID='$($Partition.DeviceID)'} WHERE AssocClass = Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition" | ForEach-Object {
$ld = $_
[PSCustomObject]@{
driveName = $ld.DeviceId # C:
IsSystemDrive = if ($p | Where-Object { $_.BootPartition }) { $true }else { $false }
freeSpace = $ld.FreeSpace # in bytes
totalSpace = $ld.Size # in bytes
fileSystem = $ld.FileSystem # NTFS
physicalName = $d.Name # .PHYSICALDRIVE2
diskName = $d.Caption # WDC WD5001AALS-xxxxxx
diskModel = $d.Model # WDC WD5001AALS-xxxxxx
diskInterface = $d.InterfaceType # IDE
mediaStatus = $d.Status # OK
volumeName = $ld.VolumeName # System
volumeSerial = $ld.VolumeSerialNumber # 12345678
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
process {
# Get values from parameters
$Settings = [PSCustomObject]@{
SystemDrive = [PSCustomObject]@{
MinFreePercent = if ($env:SystemDriveMinFreePercent) { $env:SystemDriveMinFreePercent -replace '%' }else { $SystemDriveMinFreePercent }
MinFreeBytes = if ($env:SystemDriveMinFreeBytes) { Get-Size -Size $env:SystemDriveMinFreeBytes }else { $SystemDriveMinFreeBytes }
}
DataDrive = [PSCustomObject]@{
MinFreePercent = if ($env:DataDriveMinFreePercent) { $env:DataDriveMinFreePercent -replace '%' }else { $DataDriveMinFreePercent }
MinFreeBytes = if ($env:DataDriveMinFreeBytes) { Get-Size -Size $env:DataDriveMinFreeBytes }else { $DataDriveMinFreeBytes }
}
}
# Get values from custom field
if ($SystemDriveMinFreePercentCustomField) {
$Settings.SystemDrive.MinFreePercent = Ninja-Property-Get -Name $SystemDriveMinFreePercentCustomField
}
if ($SystemDriveMinFreeBytesCustomField) {
$Settings.SystemDrive.MinFreeBytes = Ninja-Property-Get -Name $SystemDriveMinFreeBytesCustomField
}
if ($DataDriveMinFreePercentCustomField) {
$Settings.DataDrive.MinFreePercent = Ninja-Property-Get -Name $DataDriveMinFreePercentCustomField
}
if ($DataDriveMinFreeBytesCustomField) {
$Settings.DataDrive.MinFreeBytes = Ninja-Property-Get -Name $DataDriveMinFreeBytesCustomField
}
if ($env:ExcludeDrives) {
$ExcludeDrives = $env:ExcludeDrives
}
if ($ExcludeDrivesCustomField) {
$ExcludeDrives = Ninja-Property-Get -Name $ExcludeDrivesCustomField
}
if ($env:ExcludeDrivesByName) {
$ExcludeDrivesByName = $env:ExcludeDrivesByName
}
if ($env:ExcludeDrivesByNameCustomField) {
$ExcludeDrivesByNameCustomField = $env:ExcludeDrivesByNameCustomField
}
# System.IO.DriveInfo is usable as far back as .NET 2.0 for Windows 7 compatibility.
# Reference: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.io.driveinfo?view=netstandard-2.0
# Get drives that are in the ready state
$Drives = Get-Drive
$Results = if ($Drives) {
$DrivesFiltered = if ($ExcludeDrivesByName) {
$Drives | Where-Object { $_.volumeName -notlike "*$ExcludeDrivesByName*" }
}
else { $Drive }
if ($ExcludeDrives) {
$DriveAlerts = Invoke-DiskAlert -Drives $DrivesFiltered
$DriveList = if ($ExcludeDrives -like "*,*") {
$ExcludeDrives -split ',' | Sort-Object -Unique
}
else {
$ExcludeDrives -split '' | Sort-Object -Unique | Select-Object -Skip 1
}
$DriveList | ForEach-Object {
$Drive = $_
$DriveAlerts | Where-Object { $_ -notlike "*$($Drive):*" }
}
}
else {
Invoke-DiskAlert -Drives $Drives $DrivesFiltered
}
}
else {
# Should never get here, how was the script executed?!
"No drives found?!" | Out-String | Write-Host
exit 2
}
if ($Results) {
$Results | Out-String | Write-Host
exit 1
}
else {
Write-Host "No drives found with low free space."
exit 0
}
}
end {
$ScriptVariables = @(
[PSCustomObject]@{
name = "Exclude Drives"
calculatedName = "excludedrives"
required = $false
defaultValue = $null
valueType = "TEXT"
valueList = $null
description = "List if mounted drives to exclude from low drive check. Example: CFZ or C,F,Z"
}
[PSCustomObject]@{
name = "Exclude Drives Custom Field"
calculatedName = "excludedrivescustomfield"
required = $false
defaultValue = $null
valueType = "TEXT"
valueList = $null
description = "A custom field to get the value from. List if mounted drives to exclude from low drive check. Example: CFZ or C,F,Z"
}
[PSCustomObject]@{
name = "Exclude Drives By Name"
calculatedName = "excludedrivesbyname"
required = $false
defaultValue = $null
valueType = "TEXT"
valueList = $null
description = "Exclude drives with with the specified text in it's name/label."
}
[PSCustomObject]@{
name = "Exclude Drives By Name Custom Field"
calculatedName = "excludedrivesbynamecustomfield"
required = $false
defaultValue = $null
valueType = "TEXT"
valueList = $null
description = "A custom field to get the value from. Exclude drives with with the specified text in it's name/label."
}
[PSCustomObject]@{
name = "System Drive Minimum Size in Percent"
calculatedName = "systemdriveminfreepercent"
required = $false
defaultValue = [PSCustomObject]@{
type = "TEXT"
value = "10%"
}
valueType = "TEXT"
valueList = $null
description = "The percentage of free space to alert on when the OS drive is below this percentage. Example: 50 or 50%"
}
[PSCustomObject]@{
name = "System Drive Minimum Size in Bytes"
calculatedName = "systemdriveminfreebytes"
required = $false
defaultValue = [PSCustomObject]@{
type = "TEXT"
value = "10GB"
}
valueType = "TEXT"
valueList = $null
description = "The minimum free space to alert on when the OS drive is below this amount. Example: 50GB, 50000MB, or 53687091200"
}
[PSCustomObject]@{
name = "Data Drive Minimum Size in Percent"
calculatedName = "datadriveminfreepercent"
required = $false
defaultValue = [PSCustomObject]@{
type = "TEXT"
value = "20%"
}
valueType = "TEXT"
valueList = $null
description = "The percentage of free space to alert on when a Data drive is below this percentage. Example: 50 or 50%"
}
[PSCustomObject]@{
name = "Data Drive Minimum Size in Bytes"
calculatedName = "datadriveminfreebytes"
required = $false
defaultValue = [PSCustomObject]@{
type = "TEXT"
value = "20GB"
}
valueType = "TEXT"
valueList = $null
description = "The minimum free space to alert on when the Data drive is below this amount. Example: 50GB, 50000MB, or 53687091200"
}
[PSCustomObject]@{
name = "System Drive Minimum Size in Percent Custom Field"
calculatedName = "systemdriveminfreepercentcustomfield"
required = $false
defaultValue = $null
valueType = "TEXT"
valueList = $null
description = "A custom field to get the value from. The percentage of free space to alert on when the OS drive is below this percentage. Example: 50 or 50%"
}
[PSCustomObject]@{
name = "System Drive Minimum Size in Bytes Custom Field"
calculatedName = "systemdriveminfreebytescustomfield"
required = $false
defaultValue = $null
valueType = "TEXT"
valueList = $null
description = "A custom field to get the value from. The minimum free space to alert on when the OS drive is below this amount. Example: 50GB, 50000MB, or 53687091200"
}
[PSCustomObject]@{
name = "Data Drive Minimum Size in Percent Custom Field"
calculatedName = "datadriveminfreepercentscustomfield"
required = $false
defaultValue = $null
valueType = "TEXT"
valueList = $null
description = "A custom field to get the value from. The percentage of free space to alert on when a Data drive is below this percentage. Example: 50 or 50%"
}
[PSCustomObject]@{
name = "Data Drive Minimum Size in Bytes Custom Field"
calculatedName = "datadriveminfreebytescustomfield"
required = $false
defaultValue = $null
valueType = "TEXT"
valueList = $null
description = "A custom field to get the value from. The minimum free space to alert on when the Data drive is below this amount. Example: 50GB, 50000MB, or 53687091200"
}
)
$ScriptName = "Condition Low Disk Space Alert"
}
Acesse mais de 700 scripts no NinjaOne Dojo
Como funciona o script do monitor de espaço em disco
O script funciona primeiro coletando informações sobre todas as unidades do sistema. Em seguida, ele filtra as unidades que você optou por excluir e verifica as unidades restantes em relação aos parâmetros que você definiu. Se alguma unidade ficar abaixo do espaço livre mínimo especificado, o script o alertará, permitindo que você tome medidas antes que isso se torne um problema.
Um dos recursos de destaque desse script é sua capacidade de extrair valores de campos personalizados. Isso significa que você pode especificar valores globalmente ou a partir de funções, acrescentando outra camada de personalização ao script.
Transformando o gerenciamento de TI com o NinjaOne
Embora seja possível monitorar estritamente o espaço em disco usando o PowerShell em um computador local, há uma maneira ainda melhor de gerenciar seus recursos de TI, remotamente e em escala: o NinjaOne.
O NinjaOne é uma plataforma unificada de gerenciamento de TI que incorpora etapas de correção, usando scripts, se necessário, em políticas de dispositivos altamente flexíveis que determinam quando os limites de alerta são atingidos e as etapas subsequentes que devem ser tomadas. O NinjaOne fornece acesso a centenas de scripts que podem ser úteis e a capacidade de criar seus próprios scripts em praticamente qualquer linguagem de script.
O NinjaOne pode ajudá-lo a monitorar e gerenciar todos os seus endpoints de TI em escala a partir de um único painel. Com políticas e scripts, você pode automatizar praticamente qualquer tarefa de rotina, desde a instalação de patches de software até a geração de relatórios, economizando tempo e gerenciando proativamente os problemas antes que eles se tornem problemas.