{"id":390353,"date":"2024-12-11T06:41:36","date_gmt":"2024-12-11T06:41:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/?post_type=script_hub&p=390353"},"modified":"2024-12-11T06:41:36","modified_gmt":"2024-12-11T06:41:36","slug":"creare-un-messaggio-di-notifica-popup-con-immagine-con-powershell","status":"publish","type":"script_hub","link":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/it\/script-hub\/creare-un-messaggio-di-notifica-popup-con-immagine-con-powershell\/","title":{"rendered":"Usare Powershell per creare un messaggio di notifica popup con immagine in Windows"},"content":{"rendered":"

Una comunicazione efficace con gli utenti \u00e8 fondamentale per i professionisti dell’IT, soprattutto negli ambienti dei provider di servizi gestiti (MSP)<\/a>. Un modo pratico per interagire con gli utenti finali \u00e8 rappresentato dalle notifiche di sistema. Questo script PowerShell<\/a> consente agli amministratori IT di inviare messaggi toast con immagini eroiche opzionali, offrendo un metodo facile da usare per trasmettere aggiornamenti importanti, promemoria o avvisi. Ecco un approfondimento su questo script per creare un messaggio di notifica, sulle sue funzionalit\u00e0 e sulle sue potenziali applicazioni.<\/p>\n

Contesto e importanza<\/h2>\n

Le notifiche di sistema servono come linea di comunicazione diretta tra gli amministratori IT e gli utenti, soprattutto in ambienti in cui le notifiche via e-mail o chat potrebbero essere perse o ignorate. Questo script si distingue perch\u00e9 non solo fornisce messaggi toast personalizzabili, ma consente anche l’inclusione di immagini “hero”, per rendere le notifiche visivamente coinvolgenti.<\/p>\n

Gli MSP e i reparti IT utilizzano spesso strumenti come questo per migliorare la comunicazione con gli utenti, per annunciare per esempio una manutenzione programmata, per avvisare gli utenti di problemi critici o per fornire guide passo per passo. Sfruttando il sistema di notifiche nativo di Windows 10, questo script per creare un messaggio di notifica si integra perfettamente nel flusso di lavoro dell’utente senza richiedere l’installazione di software aggiuntivi.<\/p>\n

Lo script per creare un messaggio di notifica:<\/h2>\n
#Requires -Version 5.1\r\n\r\n<#\r\n.SYNOPSIS\r\n    Sends a toast message\/notification with a hero image to the currently signed in user. Please run as the Current Logged-on User. The script defaults to not using an image if none is provided.\r\n.DESCRIPTION\r\n    Sends a toast message\/notification with a hero image to the currently signed in user. Please run as 'Current Logged on User'.\r\n    This defaults to no image in the Toast Message, but you can specify any png formatted image from a url.\r\n    You can also specify the \"ApplicationId\" to any string.\r\n    The default ApplicationId is your company name found in the NINJA_COMPANY_NAME environment variable, but will fallback to \"NinjaOne RMM\" if it happens to not be set.\r\n\r\n    The URL image should be less than 2MB in size or less than 1MB on a metered connection.\r\n\r\n    By using this script, you indicate your acceptance of the following legal terms as well as our Terms of Use at https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/terms-of-use.\r\n    Ownership Rights: NinjaOne owns and will continue to own all right, title, and interest in and to the script (including the copyright). NinjaOne is giving you a limited license to use the script in accordance with these legal terms. \r\n    Use Limitation: You may only use the script for your legitimate personal or internal business purposes, and you may not share the script with another party. \r\n    Republication Prohibition: Under no circumstances are you permitted to re-publish the script in any script library or website belonging to or under the control of any other software provider. \r\n    Warranty Disclaimer: The script is provided \u201cas is\u201d and \u201cas available\u201d, without warranty of any kind. NinjaOne makes no promise or guarantee that the script will be free from defects or that it will meet your specific needs or expectations. \r\n    Assumption of Risk: Your use of the script is at your own risk. You acknowledge that there are certain inherent risks in using the script, and you understand and assume each of those risks. \r\n    Waiver and Release: You will not hold NinjaOne responsible for any adverse or unintended consequences resulting from your use of the script, and you waive any legal or equitable rights or remedies you may have against NinjaOne relating to your use of the script. \r\n    EULA: If you are a NinjaOne customer, your use of the script is subject to the End User License Agreement applicable to you (EULA).\r\n\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -Title \"My Title Here\" -Message \"My Message Here\"\r\n    Sends the title \"My Title Here\" and message \"My Message Here\" as a Toast message\/notification to the currently signed in user.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -Title \"My Title Here\" -Message \"My Message Here\" -ApplicationId \"MyCompany\"\r\n    Sends the title \"My Title Here\" and message \"My Message Here\" as a Toast message\/notification to the currently signed in user.\r\n        ApplicationId: Creates a registry entry for your toasts called \"MyCompany\".\r\n        PathToImageFile: Downloads a png image for the icon in the toast message\/notification.\r\n.OUTPUTS\r\n    None\r\n.NOTES\r\n    If you want to change the defaults then with in the param block.\r\n    ImagePath uses C:\\Users\\Public\\ as that is accessible by all users.\r\n    If you want to customize the application name to show your company name,\r\n        then look for $ApplicationId and change the content between the double quotes.\r\n\r\n    Minimum OS Architecture Supported: Windows 10 (IoT editions are not supported due to lack of shell)\r\n    Release Notes: Initial Release\r\n#>\r\n\r\n[CmdletBinding()]\r\nparam\r\n(\r\n    [string]$Title,\r\n    [string]$Message,\r\n    [string]$ApplicationId,\r\n    [string]$PathToImageFile\r\n)\r\n\r\nbegin {\r\n    [string]$ImagePath = \"$($env:SystemDrive)\\Users\\Public\\PowerShellToastHeroImage.png\"\r\n\r\n    # Set the default ApplicationId if it's not provided. Use the Company Name if available, otherwise use the default.\r\n    $ApplicationId = if ($env:NINJA_COMPANY_NAME) { $env:NINJA_COMPANY_NAME } else { \"NinjaOne RMM\" }\r\n\r\n    Write-Host \"[Info] Using ApplicationId: $($ApplicationId -replace '\\s+','.')\"\r\n\r\n    if ($env:title -and $env:title -notlike \"null\") { $Title = $env:title }\r\n    if ($env:message -and $env:message -notlike \"null\") { $Message = $env:message }\r\n    if ($env:applicationId -and $env:applicationId -notlike \"null\") { $ApplicationId = $env:applicationId }\r\n    if ($env:pathToImageFile -and $env:pathToImageFile -notlike \"null\") { $PathToImageFile = $env:pathToImageFile }\r\n\r\n    if ([String]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($Title)) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Error] A Title is required.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n    if ([String]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($Message)) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Error] A Message is required.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    if ($Title.Length -gt 64) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Warn] The Title is longer than 64 characters. The title will be truncated by the Windows API to 64 characters.\"\r\n    }\r\n    if ($Message.Length -gt 200) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Warn] The Message is longer than 200 characters. The message might get truncated by the Windows API.\"\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function Test-IsSystem {\r\n        $id = [System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()\r\n        return $id.Name -like \"NT AUTHORITY*\" -or $id.IsSystem\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    if (Test-IsSystem) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Error] Please run this script as 'Current Logged on User'.\"\r\n        Exit 1\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function Set-RegKey {\r\n        param (\r\n            $Path,\r\n            $Name,\r\n            $Value,\r\n            [ValidateSet(\"DWord\", \"QWord\", \"String\", \"ExpandedString\", \"Binary\", \"MultiString\", \"Unknown\")]\r\n            $PropertyType = \"DWord\"\r\n        )\r\n        if (-not $(Test-Path -Path $Path)) {\r\n            # Check if path does not exist and create the path\r\n            New-Item -Path $Path -Force | Out-Null\r\n        }\r\n        if ((Get-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -ErrorAction Ignore)) {\r\n            # Update property and print out what it was changed from and changed to\r\n            $CurrentValue = (Get-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -ErrorAction Ignore).$Name\r\n            try {\r\n                Set-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -Value $Value -Force -Confirm:$false -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null\r\n            }\r\n            catch {\r\n                Write-Host \"[Error] Unable to Set registry key for $Name please see below error!\"\r\n                Write-Host \"$($_.Exception.Message)\"\r\n                exit 1\r\n            }\r\n            Write-Host \"[Info] $Path\\$Name changed from:\"\r\n            Write-Host \" $CurrentValue to:\"\r\n            Write-Host \" $($(Get-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -ErrorAction Ignore).$Name)\"\r\n        }\r\n        else {\r\n            # Create property with value\r\n            try {\r\n                New-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -Value $Value -PropertyType $PropertyType -Force -Confirm:$false -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null\r\n            }\r\n            catch {\r\n                Write-Host \"[Error] Unable to Set registry key for $Name please see below error!\"\r\n                Write-Host \"$($_.Exception.Message)\"\r\n                exit 1\r\n            }\r\n            Write-Host \"[Info] Set $Path\\$Name to:\"\r\n            Write-Host \" $($(Get-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -ErrorAction Ignore).$Name)\"\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    # Utility function for downloading files.\r\n    function Invoke-Download {\r\n        param(\r\n            [Parameter()]\r\n            [String]$URL,\r\n            [Parameter()]\r\n            [String]$Path,\r\n            [Parameter()]\r\n            [int]$Attempts = 3,\r\n            [Parameter()]\r\n            [Switch]$SkipSleep\r\n        )\r\n        Write-Host \"[Info] Used $PathToImageFile for the image and saving to $ImagePath\"\r\n    \r\n        $SupportedTLSversions = [enum]::GetValues('Net.SecurityProtocolType')\r\n        if ( ($SupportedTLSversions -contains 'Tls13') -and ($SupportedTLSversions -contains 'Tls12') ) {\r\n            [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol::Tls13 -bor [System.Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12\r\n        }\r\n        elseif ( $SupportedTLSversions -contains 'Tls12' ) {\r\n            [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12\r\n        }\r\n        else {\r\n            # Not everything requires TLS 1.2, but we'll try anyways.\r\n            Write-Host \"[Warn] TLS 1.2 and or TLS 1.3 isn't supported on this system. This download may fail!\"\r\n            if ($PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major -lt 3) {\r\n                Write-Host \"[Warn] PowerShell 2 \/ .NET 2.0 doesn't support TLS 1.2.\"\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    \r\n        $i = 1\r\n        While ($i -le $Attempts) {\r\n            # Some cloud services have rate-limiting\r\n            if (-not ($SkipSleep)) {\r\n                $SleepTime = Get-Random -Minimum 1 -Maximum 7\r\n                Write-Host \"[Info] Waiting for $SleepTime seconds.\"\r\n                Start-Sleep -Seconds $SleepTime\r\n            }\r\n            if ($i -ne 1) { Write-Host \"\" }\r\n            Write-Host \"[Info] Download Attempt $i\"\r\n    \r\n            $PreviousProgressPreference = $ProgressPreference\r\n            $ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue'\r\n            try {\r\n                # Invoke-WebRequest is preferred because it supports links that redirect, e.g., https:\/\/t.ly\r\n                # Standard options\r\n                $WebRequestArgs = @{\r\n                    Uri                = $URL\r\n                    MaximumRedirection = 10\r\n                    UseBasicParsing    = $true\r\n                    OutFile            = $Path\r\n                }\r\n    \r\n                # Download The File\r\n                Invoke-WebRequest @WebRequestArgs\r\n    \r\n                $ProgressPreference = $PreviousProgressPreference\r\n                $File = Test-Path -Path $Path -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue\r\n            }\r\n            catch {\r\n                Write-Host \"[Error] An error has occurred while downloading!\"\r\n                Write-Warning $_.Exception.Message\r\n    \r\n                if (Test-Path -Path $Path -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {\r\n                    Remove-Item $Path -Force -Confirm:$false -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue\r\n                }\r\n    \r\n                $File = $False\r\n            }\r\n    \r\n            if ($File) {\r\n                $i = $Attempts\r\n            }\r\n            else {\r\n                Write-Host \"[Error] File failed to download.\"\r\n                Write-Host \"\"\r\n            }\r\n    \r\n            $i++\r\n        }\r\n    \r\n        if (-not (Test-Path $Path)) {\r\n            Write-Host \"[Error] Failed to download file!\"\r\n            exit 1\r\n        }\r\n        else {\r\n            return $Path\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function Show-Notification {\r\n        [CmdletBinding()]\r\n        Param (\r\n            [string]\r\n            $ApplicationId,\r\n            [string]\r\n            $ToastTitle,\r\n            [string]\r\n            [Parameter(ValueFromPipeline)]\r\n            $ToastText\r\n        )\r\n\r\n        # Import all the needed libraries\r\n        [Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotificationManager, Windows.UI.Notifications, ContentType = WindowsRuntime] > $null\r\n        [Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotification, Windows.UI.Notifications, ContentType = WindowsRuntime] > $null\r\n        [Windows.System.User, Windows.System, ContentType = WindowsRuntime] > $null\r\n        [Windows.System.UserType, Windows.System, ContentType = WindowsRuntime] > $null\r\n        [Windows.System.UserAuthenticationStatus, Windows.System, ContentType = WindowsRuntime] > $null\r\n        [Windows.Storage.ApplicationData, Windows.Storage, ContentType = WindowsRuntime] > $null\r\n\r\n        # Make sure that we can use the toast manager, also checks if the service is running and responding\r\n        try {\r\n            $ToastNotifier = [Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotificationManager]::CreateToastNotifier(\"$ApplicationId\")\r\n        }\r\n        catch {\r\n            Write-Host \"$($_.Exception.Message)\"\r\n            Write-Host \"[Error] Failed to create notification.\"\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        # Create a new toast notification\r\n        $RawXml = [xml] @\"\r\n<toast>\r\n    <visual>\r\n    <binding template='ToastGeneric'>\r\n        <text id='1'>$ToastTitle<\/text>\r\n        <text id='2'>$ToastText<\/text>\r\n        $(if($PathToImageFile){\"<image placement='hero' src='$ImagePath' \/>\"})\r\n    <\/binding>\r\n    <\/visual>\r\n<\/toast>\r\n\"@\r\n\r\n        # Serialized Xml for later consumption\r\n        $SerializedXml = New-Object Windows.Data.Xml.Dom.XmlDocument\r\n        $SerializedXml.LoadXml($RawXml.OuterXml)\r\n\r\n        # Setup how are toast will act, such as expiration time\r\n        $Toast = $null\r\n        $Toast = [Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotification]::new($SerializedXml)\r\n        $Toast.Tag = \"PowerShell\"\r\n        $Toast.Group = \"PowerShell\"\r\n        $Toast.ExpirationTime = [DateTimeOffset]::Now.AddMinutes(1)\r\n\r\n        # Show our message to the user\r\n        $ToastNotifier.Show($Toast)\r\n    }\r\n}\r\nprocess {\r\n    Write-Host \"ApplicationID: $ApplicationId\"\r\n\r\n    if (-not $(Split-Path -Path $ImagePath -Parent | Test-Path -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {\r\n        try {\r\n            New-Item \"$(Split-Path -Path $ImagePath -Parent)\" -ItemType Directory -ErrorAction Stop\r\n            Write-Host \"[Info] Created folder: $(Split-Path -Path $ImagePath -Parent)\"\r\n        }\r\n        catch {\r\n            Write-Host \"[Error] Failed to create folder: $(Split-Path -Path $ImagePath -Parent)\"\r\n            exit 1\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    $DownloadArguments = @{\r\n        URL  = $PathToImageFile\r\n        Path = $ImagePath\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    Set-RegKey -Path \"HKCU:\\SOFTWARE\\Classes\\AppUserModelId\\$($ApplicationId -replace '\\s+','.')\" -Name \"DisplayName\" -Value $ApplicationId -PropertyType String\r\n    if ($PathToImageFile -like \"http*\") {\r\n        Invoke-Download @DownloadArguments\r\n    }\r\n    elseif ($PathToImageFile -match \"^[a-zA-Z]:\\\\\" -and $(Test-Path -Path $PathToImageFile -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Info] Image is a local file, copying to $ImagePath\"\r\n        try {\r\n            Copy-Item -Path $PathToImageFile -Destination $ImagePath -Force -ErrorAction Stop\r\n            Set-RegKey -Path \"HKCU:\\SOFTWARE\\Classes\\AppUserModelId\\$($ApplicationId -replace '\\s+','.')\" -Name \"IconUri\" -Value \"$ImagePath\" -PropertyType String\r\n            Write-Host \"[Info] System is ready to send Toast Messages to the currently logged on user.\"\r\n        }\r\n        catch {\r\n            Write-Host \"[Error] Failed to copy image file: $PathToImageFile\"\r\n            exit 1\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    elseif ($PathToImageFile -match \"^[a-zA-Z]:\\\\\" -and -not $(Test-Path -Path $PathToImageFile -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Error] Image does not exist at $PathToImageFile\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n    else {\r\n        if ($PathToImageFile) {\r\n            Write-Host \"[Warn] Provided image is not a local file or a valid URL.\"\r\n        }\r\n        Write-Host \"[Info] No image will be used.\"\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    try {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Info] Attempting to send message to user...\"\r\n        $NotificationParams = @{\r\n            ToastTitle    = $Title\r\n            ToastText     = $Message\r\n            ApplicationId = \"$($ApplicationId -replace '\\s+','.')\"\r\n        }\r\n        Show-Notification @NotificationParams -ErrorAction Stop\r\n        Write-Host \"[Info] Message sent to user.\"\r\n    }\r\n    catch {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Error] Failed to send message to user.\"\r\n        Write-Host \"$($_.Exception.Message)\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n    exit 0\r\n}\r\nend {\r\n    \r\n    \r\n    \r\n}<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n\n
Risparmia tempo con gli oltre 300 script del Dojo NinjaOne.<\/p>\n
\u2192 Accedi oggi stesso<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Descrizione dettagliata dello script<\/h2>\n
Questo script PowerShell per creare un messaggio di notifica \u00e8 progettato per essere eseguito dall’utente attualmente connesso. Ecco una spiegazione passo per passo del suo flusso di lavoro:<\/p>\n
1.Parametri e impostazioni predefinite<\/h3>\n
a. Lo script per creare un messaggio di notifica accetta parametri per il titolo, il messaggio, l’ID dell’applicazione e un percorso opzionale per un file immagine.<\/p>\n
b. Se l’ID dell’applicazione non viene specificato, lo script per creare un messaggio di notifica si basa sul nome dell’azienda memorizzato nella variabile d’ambiente NINJA_COMPANY_NAME o fa riferimento a “NinjaOne RMM”.<\/p>\n
c. Se non viene fornita un’immagine, la notifica verr\u00e0 visualizzata senza immagine.<\/p>\n
2. Convalida dell’ambiente<\/h3>\n
a. Lo script per creare un messaggio di notifica controlla se viene eseguito come utente correntemente connesso. In caso contrario, termina con un errore.<\/p>\n
3. Gestione del registro<\/h3>\n
a. Lo script per creare un messaggio di notifica utilizza una funzione helper per creare o aggiornare le chiavi di registro per il nome visualizzato dell’applicazione e l’icona opzionale. In questo modo si garantisce che attribuzione e personalizzazione delle notifiche siano corrette.<\/p>\n
4. Gestione delle immagini<\/h3>\n
a. Lo script per creare un messaggio di notifica pu\u00f2 scaricare un’immagine da un URL o utilizzare un file locale. Questo garantisce che l’immagine sia salvata in una cartella pubblica per l’accessibilit\u00e0.<\/p>\n
b. Se non viene fornita alcuna immagine valida, lo script procede senza alcuna immagine.<\/p>\n
5. Creazione della notifica<\/h3>\n
a. Utilizzando le API di Windows, lo script costruisce e visualizza una notifica di toast.<\/p>\n
b. La notifica include il titolo e il messaggio specificati e incorpora l’immagine, se fornita.<\/p>\n
6. Gestione degli errori<\/h3>\n
a. Lo script per creare un messaggio di notifica \u00e8 dotato di una solida gestione degli errori, compresi gli avvisi per le configurazioni non supportate, per i download falliti e per i parametri mancanti.<\/p>\n
Casi d’uso potenziali<\/h2>\n
Caso di studio: Annuncio di manutenzione IT<\/h3>\n
Un amministratore IT che gestisce una rete aziendale deve notificare agli utenti la manutenzione programmata. Utilizzando questo script per creare un messaggio di notifica, l’amministratore invia una notifica di toast con i seguenti dettagli:<\/p>\n