{"id":208157,"date":"2023-12-12T08:55:47","date_gmt":"2023-12-12T08:55:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/script-hub\/impostare-una-autenticazione-ntlm-con-powershell-2\/"},"modified":"2024-03-04T18:41:06","modified_gmt":"2024-03-04T18:41:06","slug":"impostare-una-autenticazione-ntlm-con-powershell-2","status":"publish","type":"script_hub","link":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/it\/script-hub\/impostare-una-autenticazione-ntlm-con-powershell-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Come impostare una autenticazione NTLM in Windows utilizzando PowerShell"},"content":{"rendered":"

In un panorama di cybersecurity in continua evoluzione, la sicurezza delle comunicazioni e dello scambio di dati \u00e8 fondamentale. Uno dei protocolli che \u00e8 stato al centro delle discussioni \u00e8 NTLM (NT LAN Manager), utilizzato per autenticare gli utenti negli ambienti Microsoft. Con i recenti progressi e le preoccupazioni per la sicurezza, si \u00e8 passati dalle vecchie versioni di NTLM alla pi\u00f9 sicura NTLMv2. Oggi analizzeremo uno script PowerShell che aiuta a gestire le risposte e impostare una autenticazione NTLM<\/strong> utilizzando LmCompatibilityLevel nel registro di Windows.<\/p>\n

Background<\/h2>\n

Originariamente sviluppato da Microsoft come protocollo di autenticazione, NTLM \u00e8 stato sottoposto a diversi aggiornamenti per affrontare varie vulnerabilit\u00e0 di sicurezza. Tuttavia, con l’emergere di meccanismi di autenticazione pi\u00f9 sicuri, in particolare NTLMv2, \u00e8 emersa la necessit\u00e0 di limitare o disabilitare le versioni precedenti. Questo script per impostare una autenticazione NTLM aiuta i professionisti IT e i Managed Service Provider (MSP)<\/a> a effettuare questa transizione senza problemi e senza dover navigare manualmente tra le complesse impostazioni del registro.<\/p>\n

Lo script per impostare una autenticazione NTLM<\/h2>\n
#Requires -Version 5.1\r\n\r\n<#\r\n.SYNOPSIS\r\n    Set the LM and NTLMv1 authentication responses via LmCompatibilityLevel in the registry\r\n.DESCRIPTION\r\n    Set the LM and NTLMv1 authentication responses via LmCompatibilityLevel in the registry\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    No parameters needed.\r\n    Sets LAN Manager auth level to 5, \"Send NTLMv2 response only. Refuse LM & NTLM.\"\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n     -LmCompatibilityLevel 5\r\n    Sets LAN Manager auth level to 5, \"Send NTLMv2 response only. Refuse LM & NTLM.\"\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n     -LmCompatibilityLevel 3\r\n    Sets LAN Manager auth level to 3, \"Send NTLMv2 response only.\"\r\n    This is the default from Windows 7 and up.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    PS C:> Disable-LmNtlmV1.ps1 -LmCompatibilityLevel 5\r\n    Sets LAN Manager auth level to 5, \"Send NTLMv2 response only. Refuse LM & NTLM.\"\r\n.OUTPUTS\r\n    None\r\n.NOTES\r\n    Minimum OS Architecture Supported: Windows 10, Windows Server 2016\r\n    Reference chart: https:\/\/ss64.com\/nt\/syntax-ntlm.html\r\n    Release Notes:\r\n    Initial Release\r\nBy using this script, you indicate your acceptance of the following legal terms as well as our Terms of Use at https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/terms-of-use.\r\n    Ownership Rights: NinjaOne owns and will continue to own all right, title, and interest in and to the script (including the copyright). NinjaOne is giving you a limited license to use the script in accordance with these legal terms. \r\n    Use Limitation: You may only use the script for your legitimate personal or internal business purposes, and you may not share the script with another party. \r\n    Republication Prohibition: Under no circumstances are you permitted to re-publish the script in any script library or website belonging to or under the control of any other software provider. \r\n    Warranty Disclaimer: The script is provided \u201cas is\u201d and \u201cas available\u201d, without warranty of any kind. NinjaOne makes no promise or guarantee that the script will be free from defects or that it will meet your specific needs or expectations. \r\n    Assumption of Risk: Your use of the script is at your own risk. You acknowledge that there are certain inherent risks in using the script, and you understand and assume each of those risks. \r\n    Waiver and Release: You will not hold NinjaOne responsible for any adverse or unintended consequences resulting from your use of the script, and you waive any legal or equitable rights or remedies you may have against NinjaOne relating to your use of the script. \r\n    EULA: If you are a NinjaOne customer, your use of the script is subject to the End User License Agreement applicable to you (EULA).\r\n.COMPONENT\r\n    ProtocolSecurity\r\n#>\r\n\r\n[CmdletBinding()]\r\nparam (\r\n    [Parameter()]\r\n    [ValidateRange(0, 5)]\r\n    [int]\r\n    $LmCompatibilityLevel = 5\r\n)\r\n\r\nbegin {\r\n    function Test-IsElevated {\r\n        $id = [System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()\r\n        $p = New-Object System.Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal($id)\r\n        if ($p.IsInRole([System.Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator))\r\n        { Write-Output $true }\r\n        else\r\n        { Write-Output $false }\r\n    }\r\n    function Set-ItemProp {\r\n        param (\r\n            $Path,\r\n            $Name,\r\n            $Value,\r\n            [ValidateSet(\"DWord\", \"QWord\", \"String\", \"ExpandedString\", \"Binary\", \"MultiString\", \"Unknown\")]\r\n            $PropertyType = \"DWord\"\r\n        )\r\n        New-Item -Path $Path -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Out-Null\r\n        if ((Get-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {\r\n            Set-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -Value $Value -Force -Confirm:$false | Out-Null\r\n        }\r\n        else {\r\n            New-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -Value $Value -PropertyType $PropertyType -Force -Confirm:$false | Out-Null\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n}\r\nprocess {\r\n    if (-not (Test-IsElevated)) {\r\n        Write-Error -Message \"Access Denied. Please run with Administrator privileges.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n    $Path = @(\r\n        \"HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesLsa\"\r\n        \"HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlLSA\"\r\n    )\r\n    $Name = \"LmCompatibilityLevel\"\r\n    # $Value = $LmCompatibilityLevel\r\n    # Sets LmCompatibilityLevel to $LmCompatibilityLevel\r\n    try {\r\n        $Path | ForEach-Object {\r\n            Set-ItemProp -Path $_ -Name $Name -Value $LmCompatibilityLevel\r\n        }\r\n        \r\n    }\r\n    catch {\r\n        Write-Error $_\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n    $Path | ForEach-Object {\r\n        $Value = Get-ItemPropertyValue -Path $_ -Name $Name -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue\r\n        if ($null -eq $Value) {\r\n            Write-Host \"$_$Name set to: OS's default value(3).\"\r\n        }\r\n        else {\r\n            Write-Host \"$_$Name set to: $Value\"\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n}\r\nend {}<\/pre>\n
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Analisi dettagliata<\/h2>\n
Lo script per impostare una autenticazione NTLM \u00e8 essenzialmente diviso in tre fasi: inizio<\/em>, processo<\/em> e fine<\/em>.<\/p>\n