{"id":408629,"date":"2024-12-24T07:12:56","date_gmt":"2024-12-24T07:12:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/?post_type=script_hub&p=408629"},"modified":"2024-12-24T07:12:56","modified_gmt":"2024-12-24T07:12:56","slug":"activer-ou-desactiver-la-restauration-systeme","status":"publish","type":"script_hub","link":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/fr\/script-hub\/activer-ou-desactiver-la-restauration-systeme\/","title":{"rendered":"Utiliser PowerShell pour activer ou d\u00e9sactiver la restauration syst\u00e8me sur les syst\u00e8mes Windows"},"content":{"rendered":"

La restauration syst\u00e8me est une fonction puissante de Windows qui permet aux utilisateurs de ramener leur syst\u00e8me \u00e0 un \u00e9tat ant\u00e9rieur, afin de r\u00e9soudre les probl\u00e8mes caus\u00e9s par des mises \u00e0 jour erron\u00e9es, des installations de logiciels ou d’autres changements. Pour les professionnels de l’informatique et les fournisseurs de services g\u00e9r\u00e9s (MSP)<\/a>, il est essentiel de configurer la restauration du syst\u00e8me de mani\u00e8re efficace et programmatique, en particulier lorsqu’il s’agit de g\u00e9rer plusieurs syst\u00e8mes. Un script PowerShell<\/a> efficace, comme celui fourni ici, offre un moyen pr\u00e9cis et automatis\u00e9 d’activer ou d\u00e9sactiver la restauration syst\u00e8me, et d’en g\u00e9rer les points de restauration sur les p\u00e9riph\u00e9riques Windows.<\/p>\n

Contexte<\/h2>\n

La restauration du syst\u00e8me prot\u00e8ge l’int\u00e9grit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me en cr\u00e9ant des instantan\u00e9s appel\u00e9s points de restauration. Si cette fonction peut s’av\u00e9rer salvatrice en cas d’urgence, sa configuration n\u00e9cessite souvent une intervention administrative, en particulier dans les environnements d’entreprise. La configuration manuelle n’est pas extensible pour les grands r\u00e9seaux, ce qui rend indispensable une solution bas\u00e9e sur PowerShell. Ce script rationalise la gestion de la restauration syst\u00e8me, aidant les \u00e9quipes informatiques \u00e0 s’assurer que les syst\u00e8mes sont configur\u00e9s de mani\u00e8re coh\u00e9rente tout en \u00e9vitant les probl\u00e8mes potentiels tels que les suppressions excessives de Shadow copy.<\/p>\n

Le script\u00a0:<\/h2>\n
#Requires -Version 5.1\r\n\r\n<#\r\n.SYNOPSIS\r\n    Enables or Disables System Restore on System Drive(C:). Use caution when enabling on a system that contains system image backups(VSS).\r\n.DESCRIPTION\r\n    Enables or Disables System Restore on System Drive(C:). Use caution when enabling on a system that contains system image backups(VSS), as it will cause shadow copies to be deleted faster than normal.\r\n\r\n    By using this script, you indicate your acceptance of the following legal terms as well as our Terms of Use at https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/terms-of-use.\r\n    Ownership Rights: NinjaOne owns and will continue to own all right, title, and interest in and to the script (including the copyright). NinjaOne is giving you a limited license to use the script in accordance with these legal terms. \r\n    Use Limitation: You may only use the script for your legitimate personal or internal business purposes, and you may not share the script with another party. \r\n    Republication Prohibition: Under no circumstances are you permitted to re-publish the script in any script library or website belonging to or under the control of any other software provider. \r\n    Warranty Disclaimer: The script is provided \u201cas is\u201d and \u201cas available\u201d, without warranty of any kind. NinjaOne makes no promise or guarantee that the script will be free from defects or that it will meet your specific needs or expectations. \r\n    Assumption of Risk: Your use of the script is at your own risk. You acknowledge that there are certain inherent risks in using the script, and you understand and assume each of those risks. \r\n    Waiver and Release: You will not hold NinjaOne responsible for any adverse or unintended consequences resulting from your use of the script, and you waive any legal or equitable rights or remedies you may have against NinjaOne relating to your use of the script. \r\n    EULA: If you are a NinjaOne customer, your use of the script is subject to the End User License Agreement applicable to you (EULA).\r\n\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    (No Parameters)\r\n    ## EXAMPLE OUTPUT WITHOUT PARAMS ##\r\n\r\nPARAMETER: -Action \"Enable\"\r\n    Enables System Restore.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -Action \"Enable\"\r\n    ## EXAMPLE OUTPUT WITH Action ##\r\n    [Info] Enabling System Restore\r\n    [Info] Enabled System Restore\r\n\r\nPARAMETER: -Action \"Disable\"\r\n    Disables System Restore.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -Action \"Disable\"\r\n    [Info] Disabling System Restore\r\n    [Info] Disabled System Restore\r\n\r\nPARAMETER: -Action \"DisableAndRemove\"\r\n    Disables System Restore and removes all existing restore points.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -Action \"DisableAndRemove\"\r\n    [Info] Disabling System Restore\r\n    [Info] Disabled System Restore\r\n    [Info] Removing Existing Restore Points\r\n    [Info] Removed Existing Restore Points\r\n\r\n.NOTES\r\n    Minimum OS Architecture Supported: Windows 10, Windows Server 2016\r\n    Release Notes: Initial Release\r\n#>\r\n\r\n[CmdletBinding()]\r\nparam (\r\n    [Parameter()]\r\n    [ValidateSet(\"Enable\", \"Disable\", \"DisableAndRemove\")]\r\n    [string]$Action\r\n)\r\n\r\nbegin {\r\n    $EnableSystemRestore = $false\r\n    $DisableSystemRestore = $false\r\n    $RemoveExistingRestorePoints = $false\r\n    function Test-IsElevated {\r\n        $id = [System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()\r\n        $p = New-Object System.Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal($id)\r\n        $p.IsInRole([System.Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator)\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    # If the registry value is 1, System Restore is enabled.\r\n    $RegValue = Get-ItemPropertyValue -Path \"HKLM:\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SystemRestore\\\" -Name \"RPSessionInterval\" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue\r\n\r\n    $SystemRestoreStatus = if ($RegValue -ge 1) {\r\n        # If either of the above conditions are met, System Restore is enabled.\r\n        Write-Output \"Enabled\"\r\n    }\r\n    else {\r\n        Write-Output \"Disabled\"\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    # Check if the action Script Variable was used\r\n    if ($env:action -and $env:action -ne \"null\") {\r\n        switch ($env:action) {\r\n            \"Enable\" { $EnableSystemRestore = $true }\r\n            \"Disable\" { $DisableSystemRestore = $true }\r\n            \"Disable and Remove Existing Restore Points\" { $RemoveExistingRestorePoints = $true }\r\n            Default {\r\n                Write-Host -Object \"[Error] Invalid Action\"\r\n                exit 1\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n        \r\n    }\r\n    # Check if the parameter Action was used\r\n    else {\r\n        switch ($Action) {\r\n            \"Enable\" { $EnableSystemRestore = $true }\r\n            \"Disable\" { $DisableSystemRestore = $true }\r\n            \"DisableAndRemove\" { $RemoveExistingRestorePoints = $true }\r\n            Default {\r\n                Write-Host -Object \"[Error] Invalid Action\"\r\n                exit 1\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    function Remove-ComputerRestorePoint {\r\n        [CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess = $True)]param(\r\n            [Parameter(\r\n                Position = 0,\r\n                Mandatory = $true,\r\n                ValueFromPipeline = $true\r\n            )]\r\n            $RestorePoint\r\n        )\r\n        begin {\r\n            $fullName = \"SystemRestore.DeleteRestorePoint\"\r\n            #check if the type is already loaded\r\n            $isLoaded = $null -ne ([AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies() | ForEach-Object { $_.GetTypes() } | Where-Object { $_.FullName -eq $fullName })\r\n            if (!$isLoaded) {\r\n                $SRClient = Add-Type -MemberDefinition @\"\r\n[DllImport (\"Srclient.dll\")]\r\npublic static extern int SRRemoveRestorePoint (int index);\r\n\"@ -Name DeleteRestorePoint -Namespace SystemRestore -PassThru\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n        process {\r\n            foreach ($restorePoint in $RestorePoint) {\r\n                if ($PSCmdlet.ShouldProcess(\"$($restorePoint.Description)\", \"Deleting Restore Point\")) {\r\n                    [SystemRestore.DeleteRestorePoint]::SRRemoveRestorePoint($restorePoint.SequenceNumber) | Out-Null\r\n                }\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n}\r\nprocess {\r\n    if (-not (Test-IsElevated)) {\r\n        Write-Host -Object \"[Error] Access Denied. Please run with Administrator privileges.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    # Get Windows Install Drive from SystemRoot\r\n    $TargetDrive = \"$($env:SystemRoot -split \"\\\\\" | Select-Object -First 1)\\\"\r\n\r\n    $ExitCode = 0\r\n    # When the action is Enable\r\n    if ($EnableSystemRestore) {\r\n        if ($SystemRestoreStatus -eq \"Enabled\") {\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Info] System Restore is already enabled.\"\r\n            exit 0\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        # Save the current value of the SystemRestorePointCreationFrequency registry key\r\n        $OldValue = try {\r\n            Get-ItemPropertyValue -Path \"HKLM:\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SystemRestore\" -Name \"SystemRestorePointCreationFrequency\" -ErrorAction Stop -WarningAction Stop\r\n        }\r\n        catch {\r\n            # Return the default value of 1440 minutes if the registry key does not exist\r\n            1440\r\n        }\r\n        if ($null -ne $OldValue) {\r\n            Set-ItemProperty -Path \"HKLM:\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SystemRestore\" -Name \"SystemRestorePointCreationFrequency\" -Value \"0\" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        # Enable System Restore\r\n        try {\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Info] Enabling System Restore: $TargetDrive\"\r\n            Enable-ComputerRestore -Drive \"$TargetDrive\"\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Info] Enabled System Restore: $TargetDrive\"\r\n        }\r\n        catch {\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Error] Failed to enable System Restore\"\r\n            $ExitCode = 1\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        try {\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Info] Creating restore point.\"\r\n\r\n            # Create a new restore point\r\n            Checkpoint-Computer -Description \"Restore Point Created by Enable or Disable System Restore\" -RestorePointType \"MODIFY_SETTINGS\" -ErrorAction Stop -WarningAction Stop\r\n\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Info] Created Restore Point.\"\r\n        }\r\n        catch {\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Error] Failed to create restore point.\"\r\n            $ExitCode = 1\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        # Restore the old value of the SystemRestorePointCreationFrequency registry key\r\n        if ($null -ne $OldValue) {\r\n            Set-ItemProperty -Path \"HKLM:\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SystemRestore\" -Name \"SystemRestorePointCreationFrequency\" -Value $OldValue -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    # When the action is Disable\r\n    elseif ($DisableSystemRestore) {\r\n        if ($SystemRestoreStatus -eq \"Disabled\") {\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Info] System Restore is already disabled.\"\r\n            exit 0\r\n        }\r\n        # Disable System Restore\r\n        try {\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Info] Disabling System Restore: $TargetDrive\"\r\n            Disable-ComputerRestore -Drive \"$TargetDrive\"\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Info] Disabled System Restore: $TargetDrive\"\r\n        }\r\n        catch {\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Error] Failed to disable System Restore\"\r\n            $ExitCode = 1\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    # When the action is DisableAndRemove \/ Disable and Remove Existing Restore Points\r\n    elseif ($RemoveExistingRestorePoints) {\r\n        if ($SystemRestoreStatus -eq \"Disabled\") {\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Info] System Restore is already disabled.\"\r\n            exit 0\r\n        }\r\n        # Remove all existing restore points\r\n        try {\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Info] Removing Existing Restore Points\"\r\n            Get-ComputerRestorePoint | Remove-ComputerRestorePoint\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Info] Removed Existing Restore Points\"\r\n        }\r\n        catch {\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Error] Failed to remove existing restore points\"\r\n            $ExitCode = 1\r\n        }\r\n        # Disable System Restore\r\n        try {\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Info] Disabling System Restore: $TargetDrive\"\r\n            Disable-ComputerRestore -Drive \"$TargetDrive\"\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Info] Disabled System Restore: $TargetDrive\"\r\n        }\r\n        catch {\r\n            Write-Host -Object \"[Error] Failed to disable System Restore\"\r\n            $ExitCode = 1\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    exit $ExitCode\r\n}\r\nend {\r\n    \r\n    \r\n    \r\n}<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n\n
Gagnez du temps avec plus de 300+ scripts du Dojo NinjaOne.<\/p>\n
\u2192 Obtenir l’acc\u00e8s<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Description d\u00e9taill\u00e9e<\/h2>\n
Le script est bien structur\u00e9 et polyvalent, et s’articule autour de trois actions principales :<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. Activer la restauration syst\u00e8me<\/strong>\u00a0: active la fonctionnalit\u00e9 de restauration du syst\u00e8me.<\/li>\n
  2. D\u00e9sactiver la restauration syst\u00e8me<\/strong>\u00a0: d\u00e9sactive la restauration syst\u00e8me sans supprimer les points de restauration existants.<\/li>\n
  3. D\u00e9sactiver et supprimer les points de restauration<\/strong>\u00a0: d\u00e9sactive la restauration du syst\u00e8me et supprime tous les points de restauration existants.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    Voici comment fonctionne le script, \u00e9tape par \u00e9tape\u00a0:<\/p>\n
    1. Initialisation et gestion des param\u00e8tres\u00a0:<\/h3>\n
    a. Le script commence par d\u00e9finir les param\u00e8tres (Activer, D\u00e9sactiver et D\u00e9sactiver et supprimer) et initialiser les variables pour g\u00e9rer ces actions.<\/p>\n
    b. Il v\u00e9rifie si le script est ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 avec des privil\u00e8ges administrateur \u00e0 l’aide de la fonction Test-IsElevated. Cela permet d’obtenir les autorisations n\u00e9cessaires pour modifier les param\u00e8tres du syst\u00e8me.<\/p>\n
    2. D\u00e9tection de l’\u00e9tat actuel de la restauration du syst\u00e8me\u00a0:<\/h3>\n
    a. Le script r\u00e9cup\u00e8re l’\u00e9tat actuel de la restauration du syst\u00e8me dans le registre Windows. Si la cl\u00e9 de registre RPSessionInterval existe et poss\u00e8de une valeur, la restauration du syst\u00e8me est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme activ\u00e9e.<\/p>\n
    3. Ex\u00e9cution de l’action\u00a0:<\/h3>\n
    a. En fonction de l’action sp\u00e9cifi\u00e9e, le script ex\u00e9cute les t\u00e2ches correspondantes\u00a0:<\/p>\n
    i. Activer<\/strong>\u00a0: active la restauration syst\u00e8me sur le lecteur syst\u00e8me et cr\u00e9e un nouveau point de restauration.<\/p>\n
    ii. D\u00e9sactiver<\/strong>\u00a0: d\u00e9sactive la restauration syst\u00e8me.<\/p>\n
    iii. D\u00e9sactiver et supprimer<\/strong>\u00a0: d\u00e9sactive la restauration syst\u00e8me et supprime tous les points de restauration existants \u00e0 l’aide de la fonction Remove-ComputerRestorePoint.<\/p>\n
    4. Gestion des erreurs\u00a0:<\/h3>\n
    a. Tout au long du script, les exceptions sont d\u00e9tect\u00e9es et des messages d’erreur d\u00e9taill\u00e9s sont enregistr\u00e9s. Cela assure la transparence et aide les professionnels de l’informatique \u00e0 r\u00e9soudre les probl\u00e8mes de mani\u00e8re efficace.<\/p>\n
    Cas d’utilisation potentiels<\/h2>\n
    \u00c9tude de cas : gestion automatis\u00e9e des terminaux<\/h3>\n
    Imaginez un MSP qui g\u00e8re des centaines de terminaux pour un client. Pour garantir des capacit\u00e9s de retour en arri\u00e8re coh\u00e9rentes, le MSP utilise ce script pour activer la restauration syst\u00e8me sur toutes les machines pendant le d\u00e9ploiement. Plus tard, pour lib\u00e9rer de l’espace disque, il ex\u00e9cute le script avec le param\u00e8tre DisableAndRemove (D\u00e9sactiver et supprimer) sur les appareils qui approchent des limites de stockage. Cette approche automatis\u00e9e permet de gagner du temps et de r\u00e9duire les erreurs par rapport aux configurations manuelles.<\/p>\n
    Comparaisons<\/h3>\n
    D’autres m\u00e9thodes de gestion de la restauration syst\u00e8me incluent l’utilisation de l’interface graphique de Windows ou de la strat\u00e9gie de groupe. Si l’interface graphique est simple pour les utilisateurs individuels, elle est inefficace pour les op\u00e9rations \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle. La strat\u00e9gie de groupe permet un contr\u00f4le centralis\u00e9, mais n’offre pas la pr\u00e9cision et le retour imm\u00e9diat de PowerShell. Ce script comble le foss\u00e9 en permettant une \u00e9volutivit\u00e9, une pr\u00e9cision et un retour imm\u00e9diat sur l’ex\u00e9cution.<\/p>\n
    FAQ<\/h2>\n
    1. Ce script peut-il \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 sur d’anciennes versions de Windows\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Le script est con\u00e7u pour Windows 10 et Windows Server 2016 ou une version ult\u00e9rieure. Pour les versions plus anciennes, des ajustements aux cl\u00e9s de registre ou aux commandes peuvent \u00eatre n\u00e9cessaires.<\/p>\n
    2. Que se passe-t-il si j’ex\u00e9cute le script pour activer ou d\u00e9sactiver la restauration syst\u00e8me sans les privil\u00e8ges de l’administrateur ?<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Le script v\u00e9rifie l’existence de droits d’administration et se termine si des privil\u00e8ges insuffisants sont d\u00e9tect\u00e9s, emp\u00eachant ainsi une ex\u00e9cution partielle.<\/p>\n
    3. L’activation de la restauration du syst\u00e8me affectera-t-elle les sauvegardes existantes de l’image du syst\u00e8me\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Oui, l’activation de la restauration du syst\u00e8me peut augmenter les suppressions de Shadow copy, ce qui peut interf\u00e9rer avec les sauvegardes d’image syst\u00e8me.<\/p>\n
    Implications<\/h2>\n
    L’utilisation correcte de ce script peut am\u00e9liorer consid\u00e9rablement la r\u00e9silience des terminaux, mais une mauvaise gestion peut entra\u00eener une perte de donn\u00e9es, en particulier lors de la suppression des points de restauration. Les administrateurs informatiques doivent trouver le juste milieu entre les avantages de la restauration du syst\u00e8me, les contraintes de stockage potentielles et les strat\u00e9gies de sauvegarde.<\/p>\n
    Recommandations<\/h2>\n