{"id":353661,"date":"2024-08-27T10:04:36","date_gmt":"2024-08-27T10:04:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/script-hub\/surveillance-de-l-espace-disque-hyper-v-powershell\/"},"modified":"2024-10-13T19:09:01","modified_gmt":"2024-10-13T19:09:01","slug":"surveillance-de-l-espace-disque-hyper-v-powershell","status":"publish","type":"script_hub","link":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/fr\/script-hub\/surveillance-de-l-espace-disque-hyper-v-powershell\/","title":{"rendered":"Guide complet pour la surveillance de l’espace disque Hyper-V avec PowerShell"},"content":{"rendered":"

La gestion efficace de l’espace disque est un aspect essentiel pour le maintien d’une infrastructure informatique efficace et fiable. Un outil puissant pour les professionnels de l’informatique est PowerShell, un cadre d’automatisation des t\u00e2ches de Microsoft. Aujourd’hui, nous allons nous pencher sur un script PowerShell con\u00e7u pour surveiller l’espace libre sur les volumes partag\u00e9s dans un environnement de cluster Hyper-V<\/strong>. Ce script est particuli\u00e8rement utile pour les professionnels de l’informatique et les fournisseurs de services g\u00e9r\u00e9s (MSP)<\/a> qui doivent s’assurer que leurs syst\u00e8mes fonctionnent sans probl\u00e8mes et \u00e9viter les temps d’arr\u00eat<\/a> dus \u00e0 des probl\u00e8mes de stockage.<\/p>\n

Contexte<\/h2>\n

Le contr\u00f4le de l’espace disque est essentiel pour \u00e9viter les pannes inattendues et garantir que les applications et les services fonctionnent sans interruption. Les volumes partag\u00e9s de cluster Hyper-V peuvent h\u00e9berger de nombreuses machines virtuelles et un manque d’espace peut avoir de graves cons\u00e9quences. Ce script PowerShell simplifie le processus de surveillance, permettant aux administrateurs de garder un \u0153il sur l’espace libre et de prendre des mesures avant que des probl\u00e8mes ne surviennent.<\/p>\n

Le script\u00a0:<\/h2>\n
Requires -Version 5.1\r\n\r\n<#\r\n.SYNOPSIS\r\n    Hyper-V Monitor shared volume disk free space. Must be ran as a Local or Domain Admin user.\r\n.DESCRIPTION\r\n    Hyper-V Monitor shared volume disk free space. Must be ran as a Local or Domain Admin user.\r\n\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    (No Parameters)\r\n    ## EXAMPLE OUTPUT WITHOUT PARAMS ##\r\nName                       Path                  Size(GB) FreeSpace(GB) UsedSpace(GB) PercentFree\r\n----                       ----                  -------- ------------- ------------- -----------\r\nCluster Virtual Disk (vd1) C:\\ClusterStorage\\vd1 3,068.98 168.77        2900.21       9.99\r\n\r\nPARAMETER: -MinimumPercentage 20\r\n    Only errors when any shared volume disk is below the specified percentage.\r\n    Defaults to 10 percent.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -MinimumPercentage 20\r\n    ## EXAMPLE OUTPUT WITH MinimumPercentage ##\r\nName                       Path                  Size(GB) FreeSpace(GB) UsedSpace(GB) PercentFree\r\n----                       ----                  -------- ------------- ------------- -----------\r\nCluster Virtual Disk (vd1) C:\\ClusterStorage\\vd1 3,068.98 168.77        2900.21       9.99\r\n\r\nPARAMETER: -MinimumFreeBytes 1073741824\r\n    Only errors when any shared volume disk is below the specified percentage.\r\n    Defaults to 1GB or 1073741824 bytes.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -MinimumFreeBytes 1073741824\r\n    ## EXAMPLE OUTPUT WITH MinimumFreeBytes ##\r\nName                       Path                  Size(GB) FreeSpace(GB) UsedSpace(GB) PercentFree\r\n----                       ----                  -------- ------------- ------------- -----------\r\nCluster Virtual Disk (vd1) C:\\ClusterStorage\\vd1 3,068.98 168.77        2900.21       9.99\r\n\r\nPARAMETER: -ExcludeDrivesByName MyDisk\r\n    Excludes drives that contains the text MyDisk in its name.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -ExcludeDrivesByName 1073741824\r\n    ## EXAMPLE OUTPUT WITH ExcludeDrivesByName ##\r\nName                       Path                  Size(GB) FreeSpace(GB) UsedSpace(GB) PercentFree\r\n----                       ----                  -------- ------------- ------------- -----------\r\nCluster Virtual Disk (vd1) C:\\ClusterStorage\\vd1 3,068.98 168.77        2900.21       9.99\r\n\r\nPARAMETER: -ExcludeDrivesByPath C:\\ClusterStorage\\MyDisk\r\n    Excludes drives that contains the text MyDisk in its name.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -ExcludeDrivesByPath C:\\ClusterStorage\\MyDisk\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -ExcludeDrivesByPath MyDisk\r\n    ## EXAMPLE OUTPUT WITH ExcludeDrivesByPath ##\r\nName                       Path                  Size(GB) FreeSpace(GB) UsedSpace(GB) PercentFree\r\n----                       ----                  -------- ------------- ------------- -----------\r\nCluster Virtual Disk (vd1) C:\\ClusterStorage\\vd1 3,068.98 168.77        2900.21       9.99\r\n\r\nPARAMETER: -CustomFieldParam \"ReplaceMeWithAnyMultilineCustomField\"\r\n    Saves the results to a multi-line string custom field.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -CustomFieldParam \"ReplaceMeWithAnyMultilineCustomField\"\r\n    ## EXAMPLE OUTPUT WITH CustomFieldParam ##\r\nName                       Path                  Size(GB) FreeSpace(GB) UsedSpace(GB) PercentFree\r\n----                       ----                  -------- ------------- ------------- -----------\r\nCluster Virtual Disk (vd1) C:\\ClusterStorage\\vd1 3,068.98 168.77        2900.21       9.99\r\n.OUTPUTS\r\n    None\r\n.NOTES\r\n    Minimum OS Architecture Supported: Windows Server 2016\r\n    Release Notes: Initial Release\r\nBy using this script, you indicate your acceptance of the following legal terms as well as our Terms of Use at https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/terms-of-use.\r\n    Ownership Rights: NinjaOne owns and will continue to own all right, title, and interest in and to the script (including the copyright). NinjaOne is giving you a limited license to use the script in accordance with these legal terms. \r\n    Use Limitation: You may only use the script for your legitimate personal or internal business purposes, and you may not share the script with another party. \r\n    Republication Prohibition: Under no circumstances are you permitted to re-publish the script in any script library or website belonging to or under the control of any other software provider. \r\n    Warranty Disclaimer: The script is provided \u201cas is\u201d and \u201cas available\u201d, without warranty of any kind. NinjaOne makes no promise or guarantee that the script will be free from defects or that it will meet your specific needs or expectations. \r\n    Assumption of Risk: Your use of the script is at your own risk. You acknowledge that there are certain inherent risks in using the script, and you understand and assume each of those risks. \r\n    Waiver and Release: You will not hold NinjaOne responsible for any adverse or unintended consequences resulting from your use of the script, and you waive any legal or equitable rights or remedies you may have against NinjaOne relating to your use of the script. \r\n    EULA: If you are a NinjaOne customer, your use of the script is subject to the End User License Agreement applicable to you (EULA).\r\n#>\r\n\r\n[CmdletBinding()]\r\nparam (\r\n    [int]$MinimumPercentage = 10,\r\n    $MinimumFreeBytes = 1GB,\r\n    [String]$ExcludeDrivesByName,\r\n    [String]$ExcludeDrivesByPath,\r\n    [string]$CustomFieldParam\r\n)\r\n\r\nbegin {\r\n    function Test-IsElevated {\r\n        $id = [System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()\r\n        $p = New-Object System.Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal($id)\r\n        $p.IsInRole([System.Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator)\r\n    }\r\n    function Test-IsSystem {\r\n        $id = [System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()\r\n        return $id.Name -like \"NT AUTHORITY*\" -or $id.IsSystem\r\n    }\r\n    function Get-FriendlySize {\r\n        param($Bytes)\r\n        # Converts Bytes to the highest matching unit\r\n        $Sizes = 'Bytes,KB,MB,GB,TB,PB,EB,ZB' -split ','\r\n        for ($i = 0; ($Bytes -ge 1kb) -and ($i -lt $Sizes.Count); $i++) { $Bytes \/= 1kb }\r\n        $N = 2\r\n        if ($i -eq 0) { $N = 0 }\r\n        if ($Bytes) { \"$([System.Math]::Round($Bytes,$N)) $($Sizes[$i])\" }else { \"0 B\" }\r\n    }\r\n    function Get-Size {\r\n        param (\r\n            [string]$String,\r\n            [ValidateSet(\"PB\", \"TB\", \"GB\", \"MB\", \"KB\", \"B\", \"Bytes\")][string]$DefaultSize = \"GB\"\r\n        )\r\n        switch -wildcard ($String) {\r\n            '*PB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^\\d+]+') * 1PB; break }\r\n            '*TB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^\\d+]+') * 1TB; break }\r\n            '*GB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^\\d+]+') * 1GB; break }\r\n            '*MB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^\\d+]+') * 1MB; break }\r\n            '*KB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^\\d+]+') * 1KB; break }\r\n            '*B' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^\\d+]+') * 1; break }\r\n            '*Bytes' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^\\d+]+') * 1; break }\r\n            Default { Get-Size -String \"$String $DefaultSize\" }\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    function Invoke-FilterDisks {\r\n        [CmdletBinding()]\r\n        param(\r\n            [parameter(ValueFromPipeline = $true)]\r\n            $Disks\r\n        )\r\n        process {\r\n            $Disks | ForEach-Object {\r\n                # Check if exclude by name is needed\r\n                if ($([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($ExcludeDrivesByName) -or [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($ExcludeDrivesByName))) {\r\n                    $_\r\n                }\r\n                else {\r\n                    if (\r\n                        $_.Name -like \"*$ExcludeDrivesByName*\"\r\n                    ) {\r\n                        # Output Nothing\r\n                    }\r\n                    else {\r\n                        $_\r\n                    }\r\n                }\r\n            } | ForEach-Object {\r\n                # Check if exclude by name is needed\r\n                if ($([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($ExcludeDrivesByPath) -or [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($ExcludeDrivesByPath))) {\r\n                    $_\r\n                }\r\n                else {\r\n                    if (\r\n                        $_.Path -like \"*$ExcludeDrivesByPath*\"\r\n                    ) {\r\n                        # Output Nothing\r\n                    }\r\n                    else {\r\n                        $_\r\n                    }\r\n                }\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    if ($env:MinimumPercentage) {\r\n        $MinimumPercentage = $env:MinimumPercentage\r\n    }\r\n    if ($env:minimumFreeSpace) {\r\n        $MinimumFreeBytes = Get-Size -String $env:minimumFreeSpace\r\n    }\r\n    if ($env:ExcludeDrivesByName) {\r\n        $ExcludeDrivesByName = $env:ExcludeDrivesByName\r\n    }\r\n    if ($env:ExcludeDrivesByPath) {\r\n        $ExcludeDrivesByPath = $env:ExcludeDrivesByPath\r\n    }\r\n    if ($env:CustomFieldParam) {\r\n        $CustomFieldParam = $env:CustomFieldParam\r\n    }\r\n}\r\nprocess {\r\n    if (Test-IsSystem) {\r\n        Write-Error -Message \"Access Denied. Please run with a Domain Account or a Local Account that has permissions to access this node.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    if (-not (Test-IsElevated)) {\r\n        Write-Error -Message \"Access Denied. Please run with Administrator privileges.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    Import-Module FailoverClusters -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue\r\n\r\n    if (-not $(Get-Command -Name \"Get-Cluster\" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {\r\n        Write-Error \"[Error] Must run this script on a server that is apart of a Cluster or can communicate with a Cluster.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    try {\r\n        Get-ClusterNode -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null\r\n    }\r\n    catch {\r\n        Write-Error \"[Error] Failed to get Cluster Nodes.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    # Get Cluster Shared Volume Info\r\n    $Volumes = foreach ( $csv in $(Get-ClusterSharedVolume) ) {\r\n        foreach ( $csvinfo in $($csv | Select-Object -Property Name -ExpandProperty SharedVolumeInfo) ) {\r\n            [PSCustomObject]@{\r\n                Name        = $csv.Name\r\n                Path        = $csvinfo.FriendlyVolumeName\r\n                Size        = $csvinfo.Partition.Size\r\n                FreeSpace   = $csvinfo.Partition.FreeSpace\r\n                UsedSpace   = $csvinfo.Partition.UsedSpace\r\n                PercentFree = $csvinfo.Partition.PercentFree\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    # Prep Format-Table substitutions\r\n    $Size = @{ Label = \"Size(GB)\" ; Expression = { (Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $_.Size) } }\r\n    $FreeSpace = @{ Label = \"FreeSpace(GB)\" ; Expression = { (Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $_.FreeSpace) } }\r\n    $UsedSpace = @{ Label = \"UsedSpace(GB)\" ; Expression = { (Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $_.UsedSpace) } }\r\n    $PercentFree = @{ Label = \"PercentFree\" ; Expression = { ($_.PercentFree) } }\r\n    # Sort disks by FreeSpace\r\n    $Disks = $Volumes | Sort-Object FreeSpace\r\n    # Save results as a string\r\n    $DisksFormattedString = $Disks | Format-Table -AutoSize Name, Path, $Size, $FreeSpace, $UsedSpace, $PercentFree | Out-String\r\n\r\n    # If using a custom field sent that to the specified custom field, should be a multi-line\r\n    if ($CustomFieldParam) {\r\n        Ninja-Property-Set -Name $CustomFieldParam -Value $DisksFormattedString\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    # Loop through each disk\r\n    $DiskUnderPercentage = $Disks | Invoke-FilterDisks | Where-Object { $_.PercentFree -lt $MinimumPercentage }\r\n    $DiskUnderFreeBytes = $Disks | Invoke-FilterDisks | Where-Object { $_.FreeSpace -lt $MinimumFreeBytes }\r\n\r\n    if ($DiskUnderPercentage -or $DiskUnderFreeBytes) {\r\n        if ($DiskUnderPercentage) {\r\n            Write-Host \"[Issue] One or more Disks under $MinimumPercentage % free!\"\r\n        }\r\n        if ($DiskUnderFreeBytes) {\r\n            Write-Host \"[Issue] One or more Disks under $(Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $MinimumFreeBytes) free!\"\r\n        }\r\n        $DisksFormattedString | Write-Host\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    # List all shared volumes\r\n    if (-not $DiskUnderPercentage) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Info] One or more Disks over $MinimumPercentage % free.\"\r\n    }\r\n    if (-not $DiskUnderFreeBytes) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Info] One or more Disks over $(Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $MinimumFreeBytes) free.\"\r\n    }\r\n    $DisksFormattedString | Write-Host\r\n    exit 0\r\n}\r\nend {\r\n    \r\n    \r\n    \r\n}<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n\n
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<\/p><\/div>
<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n
Description d\u00e9taill\u00e9e<\/h2>\n
D\u00e9cortiquons le script \u00e9tape par \u00e9tape pour comprendre sa fonctionnalit\u00e9 et la mani\u00e8re dont il peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 efficacement.<\/p>\n
1. Conditions pr\u00e9alables et configuration initiale<\/strong> Le script n\u00e9cessite la version 5.1 de PowerShell et doit \u00eatre ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 avec des droits d’administrateur. Il commence par d\u00e9finir divers param\u00e8tres tels que MinimumPercentage, MinimumFreeBytes, ExcludeDrivesByName, ExcludeDrivesByPath et CustomFieldParam.<\/p>\n
2. Fonctions de contr\u00f4le des privil\u00e8ges et de calcul de la taille<\/strong><\/p>\n