{"id":260342,"date":"2024-05-24T12:03:05","date_gmt":"2024-05-24T12:03:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/?post_type=script_hub&p=260342"},"modified":"2024-05-24T12:03:42","modified_gmt":"2024-05-24T12:03:42","slug":"establecer-permisos-de-carpeta","status":"publish","type":"script_hub","link":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/es\/script-hub\/establecer-permisos-de-carpeta\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo establecer permisos de carpeta con PowerShell"},"content":{"rendered":"

Garantizar que las personas adecuadas tengan el acceso apropiado a archivos y carpetas espec\u00edficos es primordial en TI. La gesti\u00f3n de permisos protege eficazmente los datos confidenciales, contribuye al cumplimiento de la normativa y mejora la eficacia operativa<\/a>. Una herramienta popular para gestionar este tipo de tareas es PowerShell, y hoy, nos sumergimos en profundidad en un script que agiliza el proceso de modificaci\u00f3n de permisos de carpeta.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Antecedentes<\/h2>\n

En un panorama digital en constante evoluci\u00f3n, los profesionales de TI y los proveedores de servicios gestionados (MSP) hacen malabarismos constantemente con m\u00faltiples permisos de usuario en varios archivos y carpetas. El script proporcionado es un regalo del cielo en estos casos. Ofrece flexibilidad, ya que permite asignar o bloquear permisos a varios usuarios en varias rutas. Esto significa que, tanto si trabajas con archivos individuales como con directorios enteros, este script te cubre todas las necesidades.<\/p>\n

El script para establecer permisos de carpeta<\/h2>\n

Email me the script<\/a><\/div>
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#Requires -Version 5.1\r\n\r\n<#\r\n.SYNOPSIS\r\n    Modify User Permissions for files and folder.\r\n.DESCRIPTION\r\n    Modify User Permissions for files and folder. You can assign or block multiple permissions to multiple users, and multiple files and folders.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n     -User \"Test\" -Path \"C:Test\" -Permissions FullControl\r\n    Gives FullControl permissions to the user Test for just the folder C:Test\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n     -User \"Test1\", \"Test2\" -Path \"C:Test\" -Permissions FullControl\r\n    Gives FullControl permissions to the user Test1 and Test2 for just the folder C:Test\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n     -User \"Test1\", \"Test2\" -Path \"C:Test\", \"C:Temp\" -Permissions FullControl\r\n    Gives FullControl permissions to the user Test1 and Test2 for just the folders C:Test and C:Temp\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n     -User \"Test\" -Path \"C:TestDocument.docx\" -Permissions FullControl\r\n    Gives FullControl permissions to the user Test for just the file C:TestDocument.docx\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n     -User \"Test\" -Path \"C:TestDocument.docx\" -Permissions ReadData, Modify\r\n    Gives ReadData and Modify permissions to the user Test for just the file C:TestDocument.docx\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n     -User \"Test\" -Path \"C:TestDocument.docx\" -Permissions FullControl -Block\r\n    Blocks FullControl permissions from the user Test for just the file C:TestDocument.docx\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n     -User \"Test\" -Path \"C:Test\" -Permissions FullControl -Recursive\r\n    Gives FullControl permissions to the user Test for the folder C:Test and any folder or file under it will inherit FullControl\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    PS C:> .Modify-User-Permissions.ps1 -User \"Test\" -Path \"C:Test\" -Permissions FullControl -Recursive\r\n    Gives FullControl permissions to the user Test for the folder C:Test and any folder or file under it will inherit FullControl\r\n.INPUTS\r\n    Inputs (User,Path,Permissions)\r\n.OUTPUTS\r\n    FileSecurity\r\n.NOTES\r\n    Minimum OS Architecture Supported: Windows 10, Windows Server 2016\r\n    Release Notes:\r\n    Initial Release\r\nBy using this script, you indicate your acceptance of the following legal terms as well as our Terms of Use at https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/terms-of-use.\r\n    Ownership Rights: NinjaOne owns and will continue to own all right, title, and interest in and to the script (including the copyright). NinjaOne is giving you a limited license to use the script in accordance with these legal terms. \r\n    Use Limitation: You may only use the script for your legitimate personal or internal business purposes, and you may not share the script with another party. \r\n    Republication Prohibition: Under no circumstances are you permitted to re-publish the script in any script library or website belonging to or under the control of any other software provider. \r\n    Warranty Disclaimer: The script is provided \u201cas is\u201d and \u201cas available\u201d, without warranty of any kind. NinjaOne makes no promise or guarantee that the script will be free from defects or that it will meet your specific needs or expectations. \r\n    Assumption of Risk: Your use of the script is at your own risk. You acknowledge that there are certain inherent risks in using the script, and you understand and assume each of those risks. \r\n    Waiver and Release: You will not hold NinjaOne responsible for any adverse or unintended consequences resulting from your use of the script, and you waive any legal or equitable rights or remedies you may have against NinjaOne relating to your use of the script. \r\n    EULA: If you are a NinjaOne customer, your use of the script is subject to the End User License Agreement applicable to you (EULA).\r\n.COMPONENT\r\n    ManageUsers\r\n#>\r\n\r\n[CmdletBinding()]\r\nparam (\r\n    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]\r\n    [ValidateScript(\r\n        {\r\n            # Validate that the User(s) exist\r\n            if ($(Get-LocalUser -Name $_)) { $true } else { $false }\r\n        }\r\n    )]\r\n    [String[]]\r\n    # The user name of the user you want to apply Permissions to a Path(s)\r\n    $User,\r\n    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]\r\n    [ValidateScript({ Test-Path -Path $_ })]\r\n    [String[]]\r\n    # File path that you want to apply Permissions to\r\n    $Path,\r\n    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]\r\n    # Permission to set the path(s) for the user(s)\r\n    # This accepts the following:\r\n    #  ListDirectory, ReadData, WriteData, CreateFiles, CreateDirectories, AppendData, ReadExtendedAttributes,\r\n    #  WriteExtendedAttributes, Traverse, ExecuteFile, DeleteSubdirectoriesAndFiles, ReadAttributes,\r\n    #  WriteAttributes, Write, Delete, ReadPermissions, Read, ReadAndExecute, Modify, ChangePermissions,\r\n    #  TakeOwnership, Synchronize, FullControl\r\n    [System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemRights[]]\r\n    $Permissions,\r\n    # Block the specified Permissions for the specified $User\r\n    [Switch]\r\n    $Block,\r\n    # Apply the Permissions down through a folder structure, i.e. inheritance\r\n    [Switch]\r\n    $Recursive\r\n)\r\n\r\nbegin {\r\n    function Test-IsElevated {\r\n        $id = [System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()\r\n        $p = New-Object System.Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal($id)\r\n        if ($p.IsInRole([System.Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator))\r\n        { Write-Output $true }\r\n        else\r\n        { Write-Output $false }\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\nprocess {\r\n    if (-not (Test-IsElevated)) {\r\n        Write-Error -Message \"Access Denied. Please run with Administrator privileges.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n    $Acl = Get-Acl -Path $Path\r\n    if ($true -in $Acl.AreAccessRulesProtected) {\r\n        Write-Error \"ACL rules are protected for one of the specified paths.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n    $script:HasError = $false\r\n    $Path | ForEach-Object {\r\n        $CurPath = Get-Item -Path $_\r\n        $User | ForEach-Object {\r\n            $NewAcl = Get-Acl -Path $CurPath\r\n            # Set properties\r\n            $identity = Get-LocalUser -Name $_\r\n            $fileSystemRights = $Permissions\r\n            $type = $(if ($Block) { [System.Security.AccessControl.AccessControlType]::Deny }else { [System.Security.AccessControl.AccessControlType]::Allow })\r\n            $fileSystemRights | ForEach-Object {\r\n                # Create new rule\r\n                Write-Host \"Creating $type $_ rule for user: $identity\"\r\n                # Check if Recursive was used and that the current path is a folder\r\n                if ($CurPath.PSIsContainer -and $Recursive) {\r\n                    $inheritanceFlags = 'ObjectInherit,ContainerInherit'\r\n                    $NewAcl.SetAccessRuleProtection($false, $true)\r\n                }\r\n                else {\r\n                    $inheritanceFlags = [System.Security.AccessControl.InheritanceFlags]::None\r\n                }\r\n                $propagationFlags = [System.Security.AccessControl.PropagationFlags]::None\r\n                $fileSystemAccessRuleArgumentList = $identity, $_, $inheritanceFlags, $propagationFlags, $type\r\n                $fileSystemAccessRule = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule -ArgumentList $fileSystemAccessRuleArgumentList\r\n\r\n                # Apply new rule\r\n                $NewAcl.SetAccessRule($fileSystemAccessRule)\r\n                try {\r\n                    Set-Acl -Path $CurPath -AclObject $NewAcl -Passthru\r\n                }\r\n                catch {\r\n                    Write-Error $_\r\n                    $script:HasError = $true\r\n                }\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    if ($script:HasError) {\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\nend {}<\/pre>\n
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An\u00e1lisis detallado<\/h2>\n
En esencia, el script funciona con tres par\u00e1metros obligatorios: User<\/strong>, Path<\/strong> y Permissions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n