{"id":255910,"date":"2024-05-17T11:50:32","date_gmt":"2024-05-17T11:50:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/?post_type=script_hub&p=255910"},"modified":"2024-05-17T11:50:32","modified_gmt":"2024-05-17T11:50:32","slug":"configurar-la-autenticacion-ntlm","status":"publish","type":"script_hub","link":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/es\/script-hub\/configurar-la-autenticacion-ntlm\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo configurar la autenticaci\u00f3n NTLM en Windows mediante PowerShell"},"content":{"rendered":"

En un panorama de ciberseguridad en constante evoluci\u00f3n, es primordial proteger las comunicaciones y el intercambio de datos. Uno de estos protocolos que ha sido objeto de debate es la autenticaci\u00f3n NTLM (NT LAN Manager), que se utiliza para autenticar usuarios en entornos Microsoft. Con los recientes avances y la preocupaci\u00f3n por la seguridad, se ha producido un cambio de las antiguas versiones de NTLM a la m\u00e1s segura NTLMv2. Hoy profundizaremos en un script de PowerShell que ayuda a gestionar las respuestas de autenticaci\u00f3n NTLM<\/strong> mediante la configuraci\u00f3n de LmCompatibilityLevel en el registro de Windows<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Antecedentes<\/h2>\n

Desarrollado originalmente como protocolo de autenticaci\u00f3n por Microsoft, la autenticaci\u00f3n NTLM ha sido objeto de varias actualizaciones para hacer frente a diversas vulnerabilidades de seguridad. Sin embargo, a medida que surgieron mecanismos de autenticaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s seguros, especialmente NTLMv2, se hizo evidente la necesidad de restringir o desactivar las versiones anteriores. Este script ayuda a los profesionales de TI y a los proveedores de servicios gestionados (MSP)<\/a> a realizar esta transici\u00f3n sin problemas, sin tener que navegar manualmente por complejas configuraciones del registro.<\/p>\n

El script para configurar la autenticaci\u00f3n NTLM en Windows<\/h2>\n
#Requires -Version 5.1\r\n\r\n<#\r\n.SYNOPSIS\r\n    Set the LM and NTLMv1 authentication responses via LmCompatibilityLevel in the registry\r\n.DESCRIPTION\r\n    Set the LM and NTLMv1 authentication responses via LmCompatibilityLevel in the registry\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    No parameters needed.\r\n    Sets LAN Manager auth level to 5, \"Send NTLMv2 response only. Refuse LM & NTLM.\"\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n     -LmCompatibilityLevel 5\r\n    Sets LAN Manager auth level to 5, \"Send NTLMv2 response only. Refuse LM & NTLM.\"\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n     -LmCompatibilityLevel 3\r\n    Sets LAN Manager auth level to 3, \"Send NTLMv2 response only.\"\r\n    This is the default from Windows 7 and up.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    PS C:> Disable-LmNtlmV1.ps1 -LmCompatibilityLevel 5\r\n    Sets LAN Manager auth level to 5, \"Send NTLMv2 response only. Refuse LM & NTLM.\"\r\n.OUTPUTS\r\n    None\r\n.NOTES\r\n    Minimum OS Architecture Supported: Windows 10, Windows Server 2016\r\n    Reference chart: https:\/\/ss64.com\/nt\/syntax-ntlm.html\r\n    Release Notes:\r\n    Initial Release\r\nBy using this script, you indicate your acceptance of the following legal terms as well as our Terms of Use at https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/terms-of-use.\r\n    Ownership Rights: NinjaOne owns and will continue to own all right, title, and interest in and to the script (including the copyright). NinjaOne is giving you a limited license to use the script in accordance with these legal terms. \r\n    Use Limitation: You may only use the script for your legitimate personal or internal business purposes, and you may not share the script with another party. \r\n    Republication Prohibition: Under no circumstances are you permitted to re-publish the script in any script library or website belonging to or under the control of any other software provider. \r\n    Warranty Disclaimer: The script is provided \u201cas is\u201d and \u201cas available\u201d, without warranty of any kind. NinjaOne makes no promise or guarantee that the script will be free from defects or that it will meet your specific needs or expectations. \r\n    Assumption of Risk: Your use of the script is at your own risk. You acknowledge that there are certain inherent risks in using the script, and you understand and assume each of those risks. \r\n    Waiver and Release: You will not hold NinjaOne responsible for any adverse or unintended consequences resulting from your use of the script, and you waive any legal or equitable rights or remedies you may have against NinjaOne relating to your use of the script. \r\n    EULA: If you are a NinjaOne customer, your use of the script is subject to the End User License Agreement applicable to you (EULA).\r\n.COMPONENT\r\n    ProtocolSecurity\r\n#>\r\n\r\n[CmdletBinding()]\r\nparam (\r\n    [Parameter()]\r\n    [ValidateRange(0, 5)]\r\n    [int]\r\n    $LmCompatibilityLevel = 5\r\n)\r\n\r\nbegin {\r\n    function Test-IsElevated {\r\n        $id = [System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()\r\n        $p = New-Object System.Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal($id)\r\n        if ($p.IsInRole([System.Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator))\r\n        { Write-Output $true }\r\n        else\r\n        { Write-Output $false }\r\n    }\r\n    function Set-ItemProp {\r\n        param (\r\n            $Path,\r\n            $Name,\r\n            $Value,\r\n            [ValidateSet(\"DWord\", \"QWord\", \"String\", \"ExpandedString\", \"Binary\", \"MultiString\", \"Unknown\")]\r\n            $PropertyType = \"DWord\"\r\n        )\r\n        New-Item -Path $Path -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Out-Null\r\n        if ((Get-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {\r\n            Set-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -Value $Value -Force -Confirm:$false | Out-Null\r\n        }\r\n        else {\r\n            New-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -Value $Value -PropertyType $PropertyType -Force -Confirm:$false | Out-Null\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n}\r\nprocess {\r\n    if (-not (Test-IsElevated)) {\r\n        Write-Error -Message \"Access Denied. Please run with Administrator privileges.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n    $Path = @(\r\n        \"HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesLsa\"\r\n        \"HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlLSA\"\r\n    )\r\n    $Name = \"LmCompatibilityLevel\"\r\n    # $Value = $LmCompatibilityLevel\r\n    # Sets LmCompatibilityLevel to $LmCompatibilityLevel\r\n    try {\r\n        $Path | ForEach-Object {\r\n            Set-ItemProp -Path $_ -Name $Name -Value $LmCompatibilityLevel\r\n        }\r\n        \r\n    }\r\n    catch {\r\n        Write-Error $_\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n    $Path | ForEach-Object {\r\n        $Value = Get-ItemPropertyValue -Path $_ -Name $Name -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue\r\n        if ($null -eq $Value) {\r\n            Write-Host \"$_$Name set to: OS's default value(3).\"\r\n        }\r\n        else {\r\n            Write-Host \"$_$Name set to: $Value\"\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n}\r\nend {}<\/pre>\n
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An\u00e1lisis detallado<\/h2>\n
El script se divide esencialmente en tres fases: inicio<\/em>, proceso<\/em> y final<\/em>.<\/p>\n