{"id":208632,"date":"2024-02-05T15:51:35","date_gmt":"2024-02-05T15:51:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/script-hub\/intentos-de-inicio-de-sesion-fallidos\/"},"modified":"2024-03-04T19:19:21","modified_gmt":"2024-03-04T19:19:21","slug":"intentos-de-inicio-de-sesion-fallidos","status":"publish","type":"script_hub","link":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/es\/script-hub\/intentos-de-inicio-de-sesion-fallidos\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo encontrar los intentos de inicio de sesi\u00f3n fallidos en Windows usando PowerShell"},"content":{"rendered":"

Garantizar la seguridad de los sistemas inform\u00e1ticos es una tarea crucial. Identificar actividades sospechosas, como numerosos intentos fallidos de inicio de sesi\u00f3n, es una medida importante para reducir el riesgo de posibles amenazas. El script proporcionado escrito en PowerShell sirve como herramienta vers\u00e1til para ayudar a los profesionales de TI y MSP a encontrar informaci\u00f3n sobre los intentos de inicio de sesi\u00f3n fallidos<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Antecedentes<\/h2>\n

Conocer los intentos de inicio de sesi\u00f3n fallidos en un sistema puede proporcionar informaci\u00f3n important\u00edsima para los administradores de TI que permita detectar posibles fallos de seguridad, controlar los comportamientos de los usuarios y mantener la integridad del sistema. El script PowerShell proporcionado obtiene estos datos de forma eficaz, ofreciendo una soluci\u00f3n s\u00f3lida para los profesionales. Debemos insistir en la importancia de esta herramienta. Con el aumento de las amenazas a la ciberseguridad, disponer de un m\u00e9todo eficaz para detectar anomal\u00edas en los inicios de sesi\u00f3n de los usuarios se convierte en algo esencial para los MSP y los profesionales de TI.<\/p>\n

El script para encontrar los intentos de inicio de sesi\u00f3n fallidos en Windows<\/h2>\n
#Requires -Version 3.0 -RunAsAdministrator\r\n\r\n<#\r\n.SYNOPSIS\r\n    Returns the number of recent failed login attempts.\r\n.DESCRIPTION\r\n    Returns the number of recent failed login attempts of all users or of a specific user. If a user is specified then just a number is returned.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    No parameters needed.\r\n    Returns all users, of the local machine, with a could of failed login attempts.\r\nOutput Example:\r\nUserName  FailedLoginAttempts\r\n--------  -------------------\r\nFred                        4\r\nBob                         0\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n     -UserName \"Fred\"\r\n    Returns the number of failed login attempts of the user Fred on the local machine.\r\nOutput Example:\r\n4\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n     -ComputerName \"FredPC\" -UserName \"Fred\"\r\n    Returns the number of failed login attempts of the user Fred on the computer named FredPC.\r\nOutput Example:\r\n4\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n     -ComputerName \"FredPC\" -UserName \"Fred\" -Detailed\r\n    Returns the number of failed login attempts of the user Fred on the computer named FredPC, but will more details of each failed and successful logins.\r\nOutput Example:\r\n\r\nTimeGenerated   : 10\/18\/2019 7:52:43 AM\r\nEventID         : 4624\r\nCategory        : 12544\r\nADUsername      : Fred\r\nDomain          : FredPC\r\nUserSID         : S-1-0-0\r\nWorkstation     : -\r\nSourceIP        : -\r\nPort            : -\r\nFailureReason   : Interactive\r\nFailureStatus   : Incorrect password\r\nFailureSubStatus: Other\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    PS C:> Monitor-Failed-Password-Attempts.ps1 -ComputerName \"FredPC\" -UserName \"Fred\"\r\n    Returns the number of failed login attempts of the user Fred on the computer named FredPC.\r\nOutput Example:\r\n4\r\n.OUTPUTS\r\n    System.Int32 Number of failed login attempts.\r\n.OUTPUTS\r\n    PSCustomObject List of user names and a count of failed login attempts.\r\n.NOTES\r\n    Minimum OS Architecture Supported: Windows 7, Windows Server 2012\r\n    If ComputerName is specified, then be sure that the computer that this script is running on has network and permissions to access the Event Log on the remote computer.\r\n    Release Notes:\r\n    Initial Release\r\nBy using this script, you indicate your acceptance of the following legal terms as well as our Terms of Use at https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/terms-of-use.\r\n    Ownership Rights: NinjaOne owns and will continue to own all right, title, and interest in and to the script (including the copyright). NinjaOne is giving you a limited license to use the script in accordance with these legal terms. \r\n    Use Limitation: You may only use the script for your legitimate personal or internal business purposes, and you may not share the script with another party. \r\n    Republication Prohibition: Under no circumstances are you permitted to re-publish the script in any script library or website belonging to or under the control of any other software provider. \r\n    Warranty Disclaimer: The script is provided \u201cas is\u201d and \u201cas available\u201d, without warranty of any kind. NinjaOne makes no promise or guarantee that the script will be free from defects or that it will meet your specific needs or expectations. \r\n    Assumption of Risk: Your use of the script is at your own risk. You acknowledge that there are certain inherent risks in using the script, and you understand and assume each of those risks. \r\n    Waiver and Release: You will not hold NinjaOne responsible for any adverse or unintended consequences resulting from your use of the script, and you waive any legal or equitable rights or remedies you may have against NinjaOne relating to your use of the script. \r\n    EULA: If you are a NinjaOne customer, your use of the script is subject to the End User License Agreement applicable to you (EULA).\r\n.COMPONENT\r\n    ManageUsers\r\n#>\r\n\r\nparam (\r\n    # The name of a remote computer to get event logs for failed logins\r\n    [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)]\r\n    [String]\r\n    $ComputerName = [System.Net.Dns]::GetHostName(),\r\n    # A username\r\n    [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)]\r\n    [String]\r\n    $UserName,\r\n    # Returns all relevant events, sorted by TimeGenerated\r\n    [Switch]\r\n    $Detailed\r\n)\r\n\r\n# Support functions\r\n# Returns the matching FailureReason like Incorrect password\r\nfunction Get-FailureReason {\r\n    Param($FailureReason)\r\n    switch ($FailureReason) {\r\n        '0xC0000064' { \"Account does not exist\"; break; }\r\n        '0xC000006A' { \"Incorrect password\"; break; }\r\n        '0xC000006D' { \"Incorrect username or password\"; break; }\r\n        '0xC000006E' { \"Account restriction\"; break; }\r\n        '0xC000006F' { \"Invalid logon hours\"; break; }\r\n        '0xC000015B' { \"Logon type not granted\"; break; }\r\n        '0xc0000070' { \"Invalid Workstation\"; break; }\r\n        '0xC0000071' { \"Password expired\"; break; }\r\n        '0xC0000072' { \"Account disabled\"; break; }\r\n        '0xC0000133' { \"Time difference at DC\"; break; }\r\n        '0xC0000193' { \"Account expired\"; break; }\r\n        '0xC0000224' { \"Password must change\"; break; }\r\n        '0xC0000234' { \"Account locked out\"; break; }\r\n        '0x0' { \"0x0\"; break; }\r\n        default { \"Other\"; break; }\r\n    }\r\n}\r\nfunction Get-LogonType {\r\n    Param($LogonType)\r\n    switch ($LogonType) {\r\n        '0' { 'Interactive'; break; }\r\n        '2' { 'Interactive'; break; }\r\n        '3' { 'Network'; break; }\r\n        '4' { 'Batch'; break; }\r\n        '5' { 'Service'; break; }\r\n        '6' { 'Proxy'; break; }\r\n        '7' { 'Unlock'; break; }\r\n        '8' { 'Networkcleartext'; break; }\r\n        '9' { 'NewCredentials'; break; }\r\n        '10' { 'RemoteInteractive'; break; }\r\n        '11' { 'CachedInteractive'; break; }\r\n        '12' { 'CachedRemoteInteractive'; break; }\r\n        '13' { 'CachedUnlock'; break; }\r\n        Default {}\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n#-Newest $Records\r\n$Events = Get-EventLog -ComputerName $ComputerName -LogName 'security' -InstanceId 4625, 4624 | Sort-Object -Property TimeGenerated | ForEach-Object {\r\n    if ($_.InstanceId -eq 4625) {\r\n        $_ | Select-Object -Property @(\r\n            @{Label = 'TimeGenerated'; Expression = { $_.TimeGenerated } },\r\n            @{Label = 'EventID'; Expression = { $_.InstanceId } },\r\n            @{Label = 'Category'; Expression = { $_.CategoryNumber } },\r\n            @{Label = 'Username'; Expression = { $_.ReplacementStrings[5] } },\r\n            @{Label = 'Domain'; Expression = { $_.ReplacementStrings[6] } },\r\n            @{Label = 'UserSID'; Expression = { (($_.Message -Split 'rn' | Select-String 'Security ID')[1] -Split 's+')[3] } },\r\n            # @{Label = 'UserSID'; Expression = { $_.ReplacementStrings[0] } },\r\n            @{Label = 'Workstation'; Expression = { $_.ReplacementStrings[13] } },\r\n            @{Label = 'SourceIP'; Expression = { $_.ReplacementStrings[19] } },\r\n            @{Label = 'Port'; Expression = { $_.ReplacementStrings[20] } },\r\n            @{Label = 'LogonType'; Expression = { $_.ReplacementStrings[8] } },\r\n            @{Label = 'FailureStatus'; Expression = { Get-FailureReason($_.ReplacementStrings[7]) } },\r\n            @{Label = 'FailureSubStatus'; Expression = { Get-FailureReason($_.ReplacementStrings[9]) } }\r\n        )\r\n    }\r\n    elseif ($_.InstanceId -eq 4624 -and (Get-LogonType($_.ReplacementStrings[8])) -notlike 'Service') {\r\n        $_ | Select-Object -Property @(\r\n            @{Label = 'TimeGenerated'; Expression = { $_.TimeGenerated } },\r\n            @{Label = 'EventID'; Expression = { $_.InstanceId } },\r\n            @{Label = 'Category'; Expression = { $_.CategoryNumber } },\r\n            @{Label = 'Username'; Expression = { $_.ReplacementStrings[5] } },\r\n            @{Label = 'Domain'; Expression = { $_.ReplacementStrings[6] } },\r\n            @{Label = 'UserSID'; Expression = { $_.ReplacementStrings[0] } },\r\n            @{Label = 'Workstation'; Expression = { $_.ReplacementStrings[11] } },\r\n            @{Label = 'SourceIP'; Expression = { $_.ReplacementStrings[18] } },\r\n            @{Label = 'Port'; Expression = { $_.ReplacementStrings[19] } },\r\n            @{Label = 'LogonType'; Expression = { Get-LogonType($_.ReplacementStrings[8]) } },\r\n            @{Label = 'LogonID'; Expression = { Get-FailureReason($_.ReplacementStrings[7]) } },\r\n            @{Label = 'LogonProcess'; Expression = { Get-FailureReason($_.ReplacementStrings[9]) } }\r\n        )\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\nif ($Detailed) {\r\n    if ($UserName) {\r\n        $Events | Where-Object {\r\n            $_.Username -like $UserName\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    else {\r\n        $Events | Where-Object {\r\n            $_.Username -notlike \"DWM*\" -and\r\n            $_.Username -notlike \"UMFD*\" -and\r\n            $_.Username -notlike \"SYSTEM\"\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n}\r\nelse {\r\n    $UserNames = if ($UserName) {\r\n        ($Events | Select-Object -Property Username -Unique).Username | Where-Object {\r\n            $_ -like \"$UserName\"\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    else {\r\n        ($Events | Select-Object -Property Username -Unique).Username | Where-Object {\r\n            $_ -notlike \"DWM*\" -and\r\n            $_ -notlike \"UMFD*\" -and\r\n            $_ -notlike \"SYSTEM\"\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    \r\n    $UserNames | ForEach-Object {\r\n        $CurrentUserName = $_\r\n        $FailedLoginCount = 0\r\n        for ($i = 0; $i -lt $Events.Count; $i++) {\r\n            if ($Events[$i].EventID -eq 4625 -and $Events[$i].Username -like $CurrentUserName) {\r\n                # User failed to login X times\r\n                # Count the number of failed logins\r\n                $FailedLoginCount++\r\n            }\r\n            elseif ($Events[$i].EventID -eq 4624 -and $Events[$i].Username -like $CurrentUserName) {\r\n                # User logged in successfully\r\n                # Reset the number of failed logins to 0\r\n                $FailedLoginCount = 0\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n        if ($UserName) {\r\n            # If a UserName was specified, then return only the failed login count\r\n            $FailedLoginCount\r\n        }\r\n        else {\r\n            # If no UserName was specified, then return the user name and failed login count\r\n            [PSCustomObject]@{\r\n                UserName            = $CurrentUserName\r\n                FailedLoginAttempts = $FailedLoginCount\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n}<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n\n
Accede a m\u00e1s de 300 scripts en el Dojo de NinjaOne<\/p>\n
Obt\u00e9n acceso<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Desglose detallado del script<\/h2>\n
En esencia, el script obtiene datos de los registros de eventos de un equipo determinado, buscando ID de eventos espec\u00edficos que representan intentos de inicio de sesi\u00f3n fallidos y finalizados con \u00e9xito.<\/p>\n