{"id":395302,"date":"2024-12-18T16:53:58","date_gmt":"2024-12-18T16:53:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/?post_type=script_hub&p=395302"},"modified":"2024-12-18T16:54:31","modified_gmt":"2024-12-18T16:54:31","slug":"powershell-popup-nachrichten-mit-bildern","status":"publish","type":"script_hub","link":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/de\/script-hub\/powershell-popup-nachrichten-mit-bildern\/","title":{"rendered":"Erstellen einer PowerShell-Popup-Meldung mit einem Bild f\u00fcr Windows-Benachrichtigungen\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"

Eine effektive Kommunikation mit den Anwendern ist f\u00fcr IT-Experten von entscheidender Bedeutung, insbesondere in Umgebungen von Managed Service Providern (MSP)<\/a>. Eine praktische M\u00f6glichkeit, mit den Endnutzern zu interagieren, sind Systembenachrichtigungen. Mit diesem PowerShell-Skript<\/a> k\u00f6nnen IT-Administratoren Toast-Nachrichten mit optionalen Heldenbildern senden und so eine benutzerfreundliche Methode f\u00fcr die \u00dcbermittlung wichtiger Updates, Erinnerungen oder Warnungen bieten. Hier finden Sie einen ausf\u00fchrlichen \u00dcberblick \u00fcber dieses Skript, seine Funktionalit\u00e4t und seine Anwendungsm\u00f6glichkeiten.<\/p>\n

Hintergrund und Bedeutung<\/h2>\n

Systembenachrichtigungen dienen als direkter Kommunikationsweg zwischen IT-Administratoren und Benutzern, insbesondere in Umgebungen, in denen E-Mail- oder Chat-Benachrichtigungen \u00fcbersehen oder ignoriert werden k\u00f6nnten. Dieses Skript zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass es nicht nur anpassbare Toast-Nachrichten liefert, sondern auch die Einbindung von Heldenbildern erm\u00f6glicht, wodurch die Benachrichtigungen visuell ansprechend werden.<\/p>\n

MSPs und IT-Abteilungen setzen solche Tools h\u00e4ufig ein, um die Kommunikation mit den Benutzern zu verbessern, sei es, um geplante Wartungsarbeiten anzuk\u00fcndigen, Benutzer vor kritischen Problemen zu warnen oder Schritt-f\u00fcr-Schritt-Anleitungen bereitzustellen. Durch die Nutzung des nativen Benachrichtigungssystems von Windows 10 l\u00e4sst sich dieses Skript nahtlos in den Arbeitsablauf des Benutzers integrieren, ohne dass zus\u00e4tzliche Software installiert werden muss.<\/p>\n

Das Skript zur Optimierung der Hintergrund-Verwaltung<\/h2>\n
#Requires -Version 5.1\r\n\r\n<#\r\n.SYNOPSIS\r\n    Sends a toast message\/notification with a hero image to the currently signed in user. Please run as the Current Logged-on User. The script defaults to not using an image if none is provided.\r\n.DESCRIPTION\r\n    Sends a toast message\/notification with a hero image to the currently signed in user. Please run as 'Current Logged on User'.\r\n    This defaults to no image in the Toast Message, but you can specify any png formatted image from a url.\r\n    You can also specify the \"ApplicationId\" to any string.\r\n    The default ApplicationId is your company name found in the NINJA_COMPANY_NAME environment variable, but will fallback to \"NinjaOne RMM\" if it happens to not be set.\r\n\r\n    The URL image should be less than 2MB in size or less than 1MB on a metered connection.\r\n\r\n    By using this script, you indicate your acceptance of the following legal terms as well as our Terms of Use at https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/terms-of-use.\r\n    Ownership Rights: NinjaOne owns and will continue to own all right, title, and interest in and to the script (including the copyright). NinjaOne is giving you a limited license to use the script in accordance with these legal terms. \r\n    Use Limitation: You may only use the script for your legitimate personal or internal business purposes, and you may not share the script with another party. \r\n    Republication Prohibition: Under no circumstances are you permitted to re-publish the script in any script library or website belonging to or under the control of any other software provider. \r\n    Warranty Disclaimer: The script is provided \u201cas is\u201d and \u201cas available\u201d, without warranty of any kind. NinjaOne makes no promise or guarantee that the script will be free from defects or that it will meet your specific needs or expectations. \r\n    Assumption of Risk: Your use of the script is at your own risk. You acknowledge that there are certain inherent risks in using the script, and you understand and assume each of those risks. \r\n    Waiver and Release: You will not hold NinjaOne responsible for any adverse or unintended consequences resulting from your use of the script, and you waive any legal or equitable rights or remedies you may have against NinjaOne relating to your use of the script. \r\n    EULA: If you are a NinjaOne customer, your use of the script is subject to the End User License Agreement applicable to you (EULA).\r\n\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -Title \"My Title Here\" -Message \"My Message Here\"\r\n    Sends the title \"My Title Here\" and message \"My Message Here\" as a Toast message\/notification to the currently signed in user.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -Title \"My Title Here\" -Message \"My Message Here\" -ApplicationId \"MyCompany\"\r\n    Sends the title \"My Title Here\" and message \"My Message Here\" as a Toast message\/notification to the currently signed in user.\r\n        ApplicationId: Creates a registry entry for your toasts called \"MyCompany\".\r\n        PathToImageFile: Downloads a png image for the icon in the toast message\/notification.\r\n.OUTPUTS\r\n    None\r\n.NOTES\r\n    If you want to change the defaults then with in the param block.\r\n    ImagePath uses C:\\Users\\Public\\ as that is accessible by all users.\r\n    If you want to customize the application name to show your company name,\r\n        then look for $ApplicationId and change the content between the double quotes.\r\n\r\n    Minimum OS Architecture Supported: Windows 10 (IoT editions are not supported due to lack of shell)\r\n    Release Notes: Initial Release\r\n#>\r\n\r\n[CmdletBinding()]\r\nparam\r\n(\r\n    [string]$Title,\r\n    [string]$Message,\r\n    [string]$ApplicationId,\r\n    [string]$PathToImageFile\r\n)\r\n\r\nbegin {\r\n    [string]$ImagePath = \"$($env:SystemDrive)\\Users\\Public\\PowerShellToastHeroImage.png\"\r\n\r\n    # Set the default ApplicationId if it's not provided. Use the Company Name if available, otherwise use the default.\r\n    $ApplicationId = if ($env:NINJA_COMPANY_NAME) { $env:NINJA_COMPANY_NAME } else { \"NinjaOne RMM\" }\r\n\r\n    Write-Host \"[Info] Using ApplicationId: $($ApplicationId -replace '\\s+','.')\"\r\n\r\n    if ($env:title -and $env:title -notlike \"null\") { $Title = $env:title }\r\n    if ($env:message -and $env:message -notlike \"null\") { $Message = $env:message }\r\n    if ($env:applicationId -and $env:applicationId -notlike \"null\") { $ApplicationId = $env:applicationId }\r\n    if ($env:pathToImageFile -and $env:pathToImageFile -notlike \"null\") { $PathToImageFile = $env:pathToImageFile }\r\n\r\n    if ([String]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($Title)) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Error] A Title is required.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n    if ([String]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($Message)) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Error] A Message is required.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    if ($Title.Length -gt 64) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Warn] The Title is longer than 64 characters. The title will be truncated by the Windows API to 64 characters.\"\r\n    }\r\n    if ($Message.Length -gt 200) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Warn] The Message is longer than 200 characters. The message might get truncated by the Windows API.\"\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function Test-IsSystem {\r\n        $id = [System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()\r\n        return $id.Name -like \"NT AUTHORITY*\" -or $id.IsSystem\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    if (Test-IsSystem) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Error] Please run this script as 'Current Logged on User'.\"\r\n        Exit 1\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function Set-RegKey {\r\n        param (\r\n            $Path,\r\n            $Name,\r\n            $Value,\r\n            [ValidateSet(\"DWord\", \"QWord\", \"String\", \"ExpandedString\", \"Binary\", \"MultiString\", \"Unknown\")]\r\n            $PropertyType = \"DWord\"\r\n        )\r\n        if (-not $(Test-Path -Path $Path)) {\r\n            # Check if path does not exist and create the path\r\n            New-Item -Path $Path -Force | Out-Null\r\n        }\r\n        if ((Get-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -ErrorAction Ignore)) {\r\n            # Update property and print out what it was changed from and changed to\r\n            $CurrentValue = (Get-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -ErrorAction Ignore).$Name\r\n            try {\r\n                Set-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -Value $Value -Force -Confirm:$false -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null\r\n            }\r\n            catch {\r\n                Write-Host \"[Error] Unable to Set registry key for $Name please see below error!\"\r\n                Write-Host \"$($_.Exception.Message)\"\r\n                exit 1\r\n            }\r\n            Write-Host \"[Info] $Path\\$Name changed from:\"\r\n            Write-Host \" $CurrentValue to:\"\r\n            Write-Host \" $($(Get-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -ErrorAction Ignore).$Name)\"\r\n        }\r\n        else {\r\n            # Create property with value\r\n            try {\r\n                New-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -Value $Value -PropertyType $PropertyType -Force -Confirm:$false -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null\r\n            }\r\n            catch {\r\n                Write-Host \"[Error] Unable to Set registry key for $Name please see below error!\"\r\n                Write-Host \"$($_.Exception.Message)\"\r\n                exit 1\r\n            }\r\n            Write-Host \"[Info] Set $Path\\$Name to:\"\r\n            Write-Host \" $($(Get-ItemProperty -Path $Path -Name $Name -ErrorAction Ignore).$Name)\"\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    # Utility function for downloading files.\r\n    function Invoke-Download {\r\n        param(\r\n            [Parameter()]\r\n            [String]$URL,\r\n            [Parameter()]\r\n            [String]$Path,\r\n            [Parameter()]\r\n            [int]$Attempts = 3,\r\n            [Parameter()]\r\n            [Switch]$SkipSleep\r\n        )\r\n        Write-Host \"[Info] Used $PathToImageFile for the image and saving to $ImagePath\"\r\n    \r\n        $SupportedTLSversions = [enum]::GetValues('Net.SecurityProtocolType')\r\n        if ( ($SupportedTLSversions -contains 'Tls13') -and ($SupportedTLSversions -contains 'Tls12') ) {\r\n            [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol::Tls13 -bor [System.Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12\r\n        }\r\n        elseif ( $SupportedTLSversions -contains 'Tls12' ) {\r\n            [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12\r\n        }\r\n        else {\r\n            # Not everything requires TLS 1.2, but we'll try anyways.\r\n            Write-Host \"[Warn] TLS 1.2 and or TLS 1.3 isn't supported on this system. This download may fail!\"\r\n            if ($PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major -lt 3) {\r\n                Write-Host \"[Warn] PowerShell 2 \/ .NET 2.0 doesn't support TLS 1.2.\"\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    \r\n        $i = 1\r\n        While ($i -le $Attempts) {\r\n            # Some cloud services have rate-limiting\r\n            if (-not ($SkipSleep)) {\r\n                $SleepTime = Get-Random -Minimum 1 -Maximum 7\r\n                Write-Host \"[Info] Waiting for $SleepTime seconds.\"\r\n                Start-Sleep -Seconds $SleepTime\r\n            }\r\n            if ($i -ne 1) { Write-Host \"\" }\r\n            Write-Host \"[Info] Download Attempt $i\"\r\n    \r\n            $PreviousProgressPreference = $ProgressPreference\r\n            $ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue'\r\n            try {\r\n                # Invoke-WebRequest is preferred because it supports links that redirect, e.g., https:\/\/t.ly\r\n                # Standard options\r\n                $WebRequestArgs = @{\r\n                    Uri                = $URL\r\n                    MaximumRedirection = 10\r\n                    UseBasicParsing    = $true\r\n                    OutFile            = $Path\r\n                }\r\n    \r\n                # Download The File\r\n                Invoke-WebRequest @WebRequestArgs\r\n    \r\n                $ProgressPreference = $PreviousProgressPreference\r\n                $File = Test-Path -Path $Path -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue\r\n            }\r\n            catch {\r\n                Write-Host \"[Error] An error has occurred while downloading!\"\r\n                Write-Warning $_.Exception.Message\r\n    \r\n                if (Test-Path -Path $Path -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {\r\n                    Remove-Item $Path -Force -Confirm:$false -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue\r\n                }\r\n    \r\n                $File = $False\r\n            }\r\n    \r\n            if ($File) {\r\n                $i = $Attempts\r\n            }\r\n            else {\r\n                Write-Host \"[Error] File failed to download.\"\r\n                Write-Host \"\"\r\n            }\r\n    \r\n            $i++\r\n        }\r\n    \r\n        if (-not (Test-Path $Path)) {\r\n            Write-Host \"[Error] Failed to download file!\"\r\n            exit 1\r\n        }\r\n        else {\r\n            return $Path\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    function Show-Notification {\r\n        [CmdletBinding()]\r\n        Param (\r\n            [string]\r\n            $ApplicationId,\r\n            [string]\r\n            $ToastTitle,\r\n            [string]\r\n            [Parameter(ValueFromPipeline)]\r\n            $ToastText\r\n        )\r\n\r\n        # Import all the needed libraries\r\n        [Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotificationManager, Windows.UI.Notifications, ContentType = WindowsRuntime] > $null\r\n        [Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotification, Windows.UI.Notifications, ContentType = WindowsRuntime] > $null\r\n        [Windows.System.User, Windows.System, ContentType = WindowsRuntime] > $null\r\n        [Windows.System.UserType, Windows.System, ContentType = WindowsRuntime] > $null\r\n        [Windows.System.UserAuthenticationStatus, Windows.System, ContentType = WindowsRuntime] > $null\r\n        [Windows.Storage.ApplicationData, Windows.Storage, ContentType = WindowsRuntime] > $null\r\n\r\n        # Make sure that we can use the toast manager, also checks if the service is running and responding\r\n        try {\r\n            $ToastNotifier = [Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotificationManager]::CreateToastNotifier(\"$ApplicationId\")\r\n        }\r\n        catch {\r\n            Write-Host \"$($_.Exception.Message)\"\r\n            Write-Host \"[Error] Failed to create notification.\"\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        # Create a new toast notification\r\n        $RawXml = [xml] @\"\r\n<toast>\r\n    <visual>\r\n    <binding template='ToastGeneric'>\r\n        <text id='1'>$ToastTitle<\/text>\r\n        <text id='2'>$ToastText<\/text>\r\n        $(if($PathToImageFile){\"<image placement='hero' src='$ImagePath' \/>\"})\r\n    <\/binding>\r\n    <\/visual>\r\n<\/toast>\r\n\"@\r\n\r\n        # Serialized Xml for later consumption\r\n        $SerializedXml = New-Object Windows.Data.Xml.Dom.XmlDocument\r\n        $SerializedXml.LoadXml($RawXml.OuterXml)\r\n\r\n        # Setup how are toast will act, such as expiration time\r\n        $Toast = $null\r\n        $Toast = [Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotification]::new($SerializedXml)\r\n        $Toast.Tag = \"PowerShell\"\r\n        $Toast.Group = \"PowerShell\"\r\n        $Toast.ExpirationTime = [DateTimeOffset]::Now.AddMinutes(1)\r\n\r\n        # Show our message to the user\r\n        $ToastNotifier.Show($Toast)\r\n    }\r\n}\r\nprocess {\r\n    Write-Host \"ApplicationID: $ApplicationId\"\r\n\r\n    if (-not $(Split-Path -Path $ImagePath -Parent | Test-Path -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {\r\n        try {\r\n            New-Item \"$(Split-Path -Path $ImagePath -Parent)\" -ItemType Directory -ErrorAction Stop\r\n            Write-Host \"[Info] Created folder: $(Split-Path -Path $ImagePath -Parent)\"\r\n        }\r\n        catch {\r\n            Write-Host \"[Error] Failed to create folder: $(Split-Path -Path $ImagePath -Parent)\"\r\n            exit 1\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    $DownloadArguments = @{\r\n        URL  = $PathToImageFile\r\n        Path = $ImagePath\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    Set-RegKey -Path \"HKCU:\\SOFTWARE\\Classes\\AppUserModelId\\$($ApplicationId -replace '\\s+','.')\" -Name \"DisplayName\" -Value $ApplicationId -PropertyType String\r\n    if ($PathToImageFile -like \"http*\") {\r\n        Invoke-Download @DownloadArguments\r\n    }\r\n    elseif ($PathToImageFile -match \"^[a-zA-Z]:\\\\\" -and $(Test-Path -Path $PathToImageFile -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Info] Image is a local file, copying to $ImagePath\"\r\n        try {\r\n            Copy-Item -Path $PathToImageFile -Destination $ImagePath -Force -ErrorAction Stop\r\n            Set-RegKey -Path \"HKCU:\\SOFTWARE\\Classes\\AppUserModelId\\$($ApplicationId -replace '\\s+','.')\" -Name \"IconUri\" -Value \"$ImagePath\" -PropertyType String\r\n            Write-Host \"[Info] System is ready to send Toast Messages to the currently logged on user.\"\r\n        }\r\n        catch {\r\n            Write-Host \"[Error] Failed to copy image file: $PathToImageFile\"\r\n            exit 1\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    elseif ($PathToImageFile -match \"^[a-zA-Z]:\\\\\" -and -not $(Test-Path -Path $PathToImageFile -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Error] Image does not exist at $PathToImageFile\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n    else {\r\n        if ($PathToImageFile) {\r\n            Write-Host \"[Warn] Provided image is not a local file or a valid URL.\"\r\n        }\r\n        Write-Host \"[Info] No image will be used.\"\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    try {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Info] Attempting to send message to user...\"\r\n        $NotificationParams = @{\r\n            ToastTitle    = $Title\r\n            ToastText     = $Message\r\n            ApplicationId = \"$($ApplicationId -replace '\\s+','.')\"\r\n        }\r\n        Show-Notification @NotificationParams -ErrorAction Stop\r\n        Write-Host \"[Info] Message sent to user.\"\r\n    }\r\n    catch {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Error] Failed to send message to user.\"\r\n        Write-Host \"$($_.Exception.Message)\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n    exit 0\r\n}\r\nend {\r\n    \r\n    \r\n    \r\n}<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n\n
Sparen Sie Zeit mit \u00fcber 300+ Skripten aus dem NinjaOne Dojo.<\/p>\n
\u2192 Erhalten Sie noch heute Zugang<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Detaillierte Aufschl\u00fcsselung des Skripts<\/h2>\n
Dieses PowerShell-Skript ist so konzipiert, dass es von dem aktuell angemeldeten Benutzer ausgef\u00fchrt wird. Hier eine schrittweise Erkl\u00e4rung des Arbeitsablaufs:<\/p>\n
1.Parameter und Standardeinstellungen<\/h3>\n
a. Das Skript akzeptiert Parameter f\u00fcr den Titel, die Nachricht, die Anwendungs-ID und einen optionalen Pfad zu einer Bilddatei.<\/p>\n
b. Wenn die Anwendungs-ID nicht angegeben wird, verwendet das Skript standardm\u00e4\u00dfig den in der Umgebungsvariablen NINJA_COMPANY_NAME gespeicherten Firmennamen oder greift auf „NinjaOne RMM“ zur\u00fcck<\/p>\n
c. Wenn kein Bild angegeben wird, wird die Meldung ohne Bild angezeigt.<\/p>\n
2. Validierung der Umgebung<\/h3>\n
a. Das Skript pr\u00fcft, ob es als der aktuell angemeldete Benutzer ausgef\u00fchrt wird. Wenn nicht, wird das Programm mit einem Fehler beendet.<\/p>\n
3. Verwaltung des Registers<\/h3>\n
a. Das Skript verwendet eine Hilfsfunktion, um Registrierungsschl\u00fcssel f\u00fcr den Anzeigenamen und das optionale Symbol der Anwendung zu erstellen oder zu aktualisieren. Dies gew\u00e4hrleistet die korrekte Zuordnung und das Branding der Meldungen.<\/p>\n
4. Bildbearbeitung<\/h3>\n
a. Das Skript kann ein Bild von einer URL herunterladen oder eine lokale Datei verwenden. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, dass das Bild in einem \u00f6ffentlichen Ordner gespeichert wird, damit es zug\u00e4nglich ist.<\/p>\n
b. Wenn kein g\u00fcltiges Bild angegeben wird, wird das Skript ohne Bild fortgesetzt.<\/p>\n
5. Erstellung von Benachrichtigungen<\/h3>\n
a. Mithilfe von Windows-APIs erstellt das Skript eine Toast-Benachrichtigung und zeigt sie an.<\/p>\n
b. Die Benachrichtigung enth\u00e4lt den angegebenen Titel und die Nachricht und schlie\u00dft das Bild ein, falls vorhanden.<\/p>\n
6. Fehlerbehandlung:<\/h3>\n
a. Das Skript verf\u00fcgt \u00fcber eine robuste Fehlerbehandlung, einschlie\u00dflich Warnungen f\u00fcr nicht unterst\u00fctzte Konfigurationen, fehlgeschlagene Downloads und fehlende Parameter.<\/p>\n
Potenzielle Anwendungsf\u00e4lle<\/h2>\n
Fallstudie: Ank\u00fcndigung der IT-Wartung<\/h3>\n
Ein IT-Administrator, der ein Unternehmensnetzwerk verwaltet, muss die Benutzer \u00fcber geplante Wartungsarbeiten informieren. Mit diesem Skript sendet der Administrator eine Toast-Benachrichtigung mit den folgenden Angaben:<\/p>\n