{"id":382822,"date":"2024-11-15T11:38:16","date_gmt":"2024-11-15T11:38:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/?post_type=script_hub&p=382822"},"modified":"2024-11-15T11:38:16","modified_gmt":"2024-11-15T11:38:16","slug":"ueberwachung-vom-gemeinsam-genutzten-hyper-v-speicherplatz","status":"publish","type":"script_hub","link":"https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/de\/script-hub\/ueberwachung-vom-gemeinsam-genutzten-hyper-v-speicherplatz\/","title":{"rendered":"Umfassender Guide zur \u00dcberwachung vom gemeinsam genutzten Hyper V-Speicherplatz mit PowerShell"},"content":{"rendered":"

Eine effektive Verwaltung des Speicherplatzes ist ein entscheidender Aspekt f\u00fcr die Aufrechterhaltung einer effizienten und zuverl\u00e4ssigen IT-Infrastruktur. Dabei sollten IT-Mitarbeiter:innen auch auf die \u00dcberwachung vom gemeinsam genutzten Hyper V-Speicherplatz Acht geben. Ein leistungsstarkes Tool f\u00fcr IT-Experten ist PowerShell, ein Framework zur Aufgabenautomatisierung von Microsoft. Heute werden wir uns mit einem PowerShell-Skript befassen, das zur \u00dcberwachung des freien Speicherplatzes auf gemeinsam genutzten Volumen in einer Hyper-V-Clusterumgebung<\/strong> entwickelt wurde. Dieses Skript ist besonders wertvoll f\u00fcr IT-Experten und Managed Service Provider (MSPs)<\/a>, die einen reibungslosen Betrieb ihrer Systeme sicherstellen und Ausfallzeiten<\/a> aufgrund von Speicherproblemen vermeiden m\u00fcssen.<\/p>\n

Kontext<\/h2>\n

Die \u00dcberwachung des Speicherplatzes ist von entscheidender Bedeutung, wenn man unerwarteten Ausf\u00e4llen vorbeugen und daf\u00fcr sorgen will, dass Anwendungen und Dienste ohne Unterbrechung laufen. Gemeinsame Volumen in einem Hyper-V-Cluster k\u00f6nnen zahlreiche virtuelle Maschinen beherbergen, und wenn der Speicherplatz knapp wird, kann das schwerwiegende Folgen haben. Dieses PowerShell-Skript vereinfacht den \u00dcberwachungsprozess und erm\u00f6glicht es Administratoren, den freien Speicherplatz im Auge zu behalten und Ma\u00dfnahmen zu ergreifen, bevor Probleme auftreten.<\/p>\n

Das Skript zur \u00dcberwachung vom gemeinsam genutzten Hyper V-Speicherplatz:<\/h2>\n
Requires -Version 5.1\r\n\r\n<#\r\n.SYNOPSIS\r\n    Hyper-V Monitor shared volume disk free space. Must be ran as a Local or Domain Admin user.\r\n.DESCRIPTION\r\n    Hyper-V Monitor shared volume disk free space. Must be ran as a Local or Domain Admin user.\r\n\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    (No Parameters)\r\n    ## EXAMPLE OUTPUT WITHOUT PARAMS ##\r\nName                       Path                  Size(GB) FreeSpace(GB) UsedSpace(GB) PercentFree\r\n----                       ----                  -------- ------------- ------------- -----------\r\nCluster Virtual Disk (vd1) C:\\ClusterStorage\\vd1 3,068.98 168.77        2900.21       9.99\r\n\r\nPARAMETER: -MinimumPercentage 20\r\n    Only errors when any shared volume disk is below the specified percentage.\r\n    Defaults to 10 percent.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -MinimumPercentage 20\r\n    ## EXAMPLE OUTPUT WITH MinimumPercentage ##\r\nName                       Path                  Size(GB) FreeSpace(GB) UsedSpace(GB) PercentFree\r\n----                       ----                  -------- ------------- ------------- -----------\r\nCluster Virtual Disk (vd1) C:\\ClusterStorage\\vd1 3,068.98 168.77        2900.21       9.99\r\n\r\nPARAMETER: -MinimumFreeBytes 1073741824\r\n    Only errors when any shared volume disk is below the specified percentage.\r\n    Defaults to 1GB or 1073741824 bytes.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -MinimumFreeBytes 1073741824\r\n    ## EXAMPLE OUTPUT WITH MinimumFreeBytes ##\r\nName                       Path                  Size(GB) FreeSpace(GB) UsedSpace(GB) PercentFree\r\n----                       ----                  -------- ------------- ------------- -----------\r\nCluster Virtual Disk (vd1) C:\\ClusterStorage\\vd1 3,068.98 168.77        2900.21       9.99\r\n\r\nPARAMETER: -ExcludeDrivesByName MyDisk\r\n    Excludes drives that contains the text MyDisk in its name.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -ExcludeDrivesByName 1073741824\r\n    ## EXAMPLE OUTPUT WITH ExcludeDrivesByName ##\r\nName                       Path                  Size(GB) FreeSpace(GB) UsedSpace(GB) PercentFree\r\n----                       ----                  -------- ------------- ------------- -----------\r\nCluster Virtual Disk (vd1) C:\\ClusterStorage\\vd1 3,068.98 168.77        2900.21       9.99\r\n\r\nPARAMETER: -ExcludeDrivesByPath C:\\ClusterStorage\\MyDisk\r\n    Excludes drives that contains the text MyDisk in its name.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -ExcludeDrivesByPath C:\\ClusterStorage\\MyDisk\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -ExcludeDrivesByPath MyDisk\r\n    ## EXAMPLE OUTPUT WITH ExcludeDrivesByPath ##\r\nName                       Path                  Size(GB) FreeSpace(GB) UsedSpace(GB) PercentFree\r\n----                       ----                  -------- ------------- ------------- -----------\r\nCluster Virtual Disk (vd1) C:\\ClusterStorage\\vd1 3,068.98 168.77        2900.21       9.99\r\n\r\nPARAMETER: -CustomFieldParam \"ReplaceMeWithAnyMultilineCustomField\"\r\n    Saves the results to a multi-line string custom field.\r\n.EXAMPLE\r\n    -CustomFieldParam \"ReplaceMeWithAnyMultilineCustomField\"\r\n    ## EXAMPLE OUTPUT WITH CustomFieldParam ##\r\nName                       Path                  Size(GB) FreeSpace(GB) UsedSpace(GB) PercentFree\r\n----                       ----                  -------- ------------- ------------- -----------\r\nCluster Virtual Disk (vd1) C:\\ClusterStorage\\vd1 3,068.98 168.77        2900.21       9.99\r\n.OUTPUTS\r\n    None\r\n.NOTES\r\n    Minimum OS Architecture Supported: Windows Server 2016\r\n    Release Notes: Initial Release\r\nBy using this script, you indicate your acceptance of the following legal terms as well as our Terms of Use at https:\/\/www.ninjaone.com\/terms-of-use.\r\n    Ownership Rights: NinjaOne owns and will continue to own all right, title, and interest in and to the script (including the copyright). NinjaOne is giving you a limited license to use the script in accordance with these legal terms. \r\n    Use Limitation: You may only use the script for your legitimate personal or internal business purposes, and you may not share the script with another party. \r\n    Republication Prohibition: Under no circumstances are you permitted to re-publish the script in any script library or website belonging to or under the control of any other software provider. \r\n    Warranty Disclaimer: The script is provided \u201cas is\u201d and \u201cas available\u201d, without warranty of any kind. NinjaOne makes no promise or guarantee that the script will be free from defects or that it will meet your specific needs or expectations. \r\n    Assumption of Risk: Your use of the script is at your own risk. You acknowledge that there are certain inherent risks in using the script, and you understand and assume each of those risks. \r\n    Waiver and Release: You will not hold NinjaOne responsible for any adverse or unintended consequences resulting from your use of the script, and you waive any legal or equitable rights or remedies you may have against NinjaOne relating to your use of the script. \r\n    EULA: If you are a NinjaOne customer, your use of the script is subject to the End User License Agreement applicable to you (EULA).\r\n#>\r\n\r\n[CmdletBinding()]\r\nparam (\r\n    [int]$MinimumPercentage = 10,\r\n    $MinimumFreeBytes = 1GB,\r\n    [String]$ExcludeDrivesByName,\r\n    [String]$ExcludeDrivesByPath,\r\n    [string]$CustomFieldParam\r\n)\r\n\r\nbegin {\r\n    function Test-IsElevated {\r\n        $id = [System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()\r\n        $p = New-Object System.Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal($id)\r\n        $p.IsInRole([System.Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator)\r\n    }\r\n    function Test-IsSystem {\r\n        $id = [System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()\r\n        return $id.Name -like \"NT AUTHORITY*\" -or $id.IsSystem\r\n    }\r\n    function Get-FriendlySize {\r\n        param($Bytes)\r\n        # Converts Bytes to the highest matching unit\r\n        $Sizes = 'Bytes,KB,MB,GB,TB,PB,EB,ZB' -split ','\r\n        for ($i = 0; ($Bytes -ge 1kb) -and ($i -lt $Sizes.Count); $i++) { $Bytes \/= 1kb }\r\n        $N = 2\r\n        if ($i -eq 0) { $N = 0 }\r\n        if ($Bytes) { \"$([System.Math]::Round($Bytes,$N)) $($Sizes[$i])\" }else { \"0 B\" }\r\n    }\r\n    function Get-Size {\r\n        param (\r\n            [string]$String,\r\n            [ValidateSet(\"PB\", \"TB\", \"GB\", \"MB\", \"KB\", \"B\", \"Bytes\")][string]$DefaultSize = \"GB\"\r\n        )\r\n        switch -wildcard ($String) {\r\n            '*PB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^\\d+]+') * 1PB; break }\r\n            '*TB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^\\d+]+') * 1TB; break }\r\n            '*GB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^\\d+]+') * 1GB; break }\r\n            '*MB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^\\d+]+') * 1MB; break }\r\n            '*KB' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^\\d+]+') * 1KB; break }\r\n            '*B' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^\\d+]+') * 1; break }\r\n            '*Bytes' { [int64]$($String -replace '[^\\d+]+') * 1; break }\r\n            Default { Get-Size -String \"$String $DefaultSize\" }\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    function Invoke-FilterDisks {\r\n        [CmdletBinding()]\r\n        param(\r\n            [parameter(ValueFromPipeline = $true)]\r\n            $Disks\r\n        )\r\n        process {\r\n            $Disks | ForEach-Object {\r\n                # Check if exclude by name is needed\r\n                if ($([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($ExcludeDrivesByName) -or [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($ExcludeDrivesByName))) {\r\n                    $_\r\n                }\r\n                else {\r\n                    if (\r\n                        $_.Name -like \"*$ExcludeDrivesByName*\"\r\n                    ) {\r\n                        # Output Nothing\r\n                    }\r\n                    else {\r\n                        $_\r\n                    }\r\n                }\r\n            } | ForEach-Object {\r\n                # Check if exclude by name is needed\r\n                if ($([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($ExcludeDrivesByPath) -or [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($ExcludeDrivesByPath))) {\r\n                    $_\r\n                }\r\n                else {\r\n                    if (\r\n                        $_.Path -like \"*$ExcludeDrivesByPath*\"\r\n                    ) {\r\n                        # Output Nothing\r\n                    }\r\n                    else {\r\n                        $_\r\n                    }\r\n                }\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    if ($env:MinimumPercentage) {\r\n        $MinimumPercentage = $env:MinimumPercentage\r\n    }\r\n    if ($env:minimumFreeSpace) {\r\n        $MinimumFreeBytes = Get-Size -String $env:minimumFreeSpace\r\n    }\r\n    if ($env:ExcludeDrivesByName) {\r\n        $ExcludeDrivesByName = $env:ExcludeDrivesByName\r\n    }\r\n    if ($env:ExcludeDrivesByPath) {\r\n        $ExcludeDrivesByPath = $env:ExcludeDrivesByPath\r\n    }\r\n    if ($env:CustomFieldParam) {\r\n        $CustomFieldParam = $env:CustomFieldParam\r\n    }\r\n}\r\nprocess {\r\n    if (Test-IsSystem) {\r\n        Write-Error -Message \"Access Denied. Please run with a Domain Account or a Local Account that has permissions to access this node.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    if (-not (Test-IsElevated)) {\r\n        Write-Error -Message \"Access Denied. Please run with Administrator privileges.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    Import-Module FailoverClusters -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue\r\n\r\n    if (-not $(Get-Command -Name \"Get-Cluster\" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {\r\n        Write-Error \"[Error] Must run this script on a server that is apart of a Cluster or can communicate with a Cluster.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    try {\r\n        Get-ClusterNode -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null\r\n    }\r\n    catch {\r\n        Write-Error \"[Error] Failed to get Cluster Nodes.\"\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    # Get Cluster Shared Volume Info\r\n    $Volumes = foreach ( $csv in $(Get-ClusterSharedVolume) ) {\r\n        foreach ( $csvinfo in $($csv | Select-Object -Property Name -ExpandProperty SharedVolumeInfo) ) {\r\n            [PSCustomObject]@{\r\n                Name        = $csv.Name\r\n                Path        = $csvinfo.FriendlyVolumeName\r\n                Size        = $csvinfo.Partition.Size\r\n                FreeSpace   = $csvinfo.Partition.FreeSpace\r\n                UsedSpace   = $csvinfo.Partition.UsedSpace\r\n                PercentFree = $csvinfo.Partition.PercentFree\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    # Prep Format-Table substitutions\r\n    $Size = @{ Label = \"Size(GB)\" ; Expression = { (Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $_.Size) } }\r\n    $FreeSpace = @{ Label = \"FreeSpace(GB)\" ; Expression = { (Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $_.FreeSpace) } }\r\n    $UsedSpace = @{ Label = \"UsedSpace(GB)\" ; Expression = { (Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $_.UsedSpace) } }\r\n    $PercentFree = @{ Label = \"PercentFree\" ; Expression = { ($_.PercentFree) } }\r\n    # Sort disks by FreeSpace\r\n    $Disks = $Volumes | Sort-Object FreeSpace\r\n    # Save results as a string\r\n    $DisksFormattedString = $Disks | Format-Table -AutoSize Name, Path, $Size, $FreeSpace, $UsedSpace, $PercentFree | Out-String\r\n\r\n    # If using a custom field sent that to the specified custom field, should be a multi-line\r\n    if ($CustomFieldParam) {\r\n        Ninja-Property-Set -Name $CustomFieldParam -Value $DisksFormattedString\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    # Loop through each disk\r\n    $DiskUnderPercentage = $Disks | Invoke-FilterDisks | Where-Object { $_.PercentFree -lt $MinimumPercentage }\r\n    $DiskUnderFreeBytes = $Disks | Invoke-FilterDisks | Where-Object { $_.FreeSpace -lt $MinimumFreeBytes }\r\n\r\n    if ($DiskUnderPercentage -or $DiskUnderFreeBytes) {\r\n        if ($DiskUnderPercentage) {\r\n            Write-Host \"[Issue] One or more Disks under $MinimumPercentage % free!\"\r\n        }\r\n        if ($DiskUnderFreeBytes) {\r\n            Write-Host \"[Issue] One or more Disks under $(Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $MinimumFreeBytes) free!\"\r\n        }\r\n        $DisksFormattedString | Write-Host\r\n        exit 1\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    # List all shared volumes\r\n    if (-not $DiskUnderPercentage) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Info] One or more Disks over $MinimumPercentage % free.\"\r\n    }\r\n    if (-not $DiskUnderFreeBytes) {\r\n        Write-Host \"[Info] One or more Disks over $(Get-FriendlySize -Bytes $MinimumFreeBytes) free.\"\r\n    }\r\n    $DisksFormattedString | Write-Host\r\n    exit 0\r\n}\r\nend {\r\n    \r\n    \r\n    \r\n}<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n\n
Greifen Sie auf \u00fcber 300 Skripte im NinjaOne Dojo zu.<\/p>\n
Zugang erhalten<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Detailansicht<\/h2>\n
Lassen Sie uns das Skript Schritt f\u00fcr Schritt aufschl\u00fcsseln, um seine Funktionen zu verstehen und zu erfahren, wie es effektiv eingesetzt werden kann.<\/p>\n
1. Voraussetzungen und Ersteinrichtung<\/strong> Das Skript erfordert PowerShell Version 5.1 und muss mit Administratorrechten ausgef\u00fchrt werden. Sie beginnt mit der Definition verschiedener Parameter wie ‚MinimumPercentage‘, ‚MinimumFreeBytes‘, ‚ExcludeDrivesByName‘, ‚ExcludeDrivesByPath‘ und ‚CustomFieldParam‘.<\/p>\n
2. Funktionen f\u00fcr Privilegien\u00fcberpr\u00fcfungen und Gr\u00f6\u00dfenberechnungen<\/strong><\/p>\n